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Surface characterization and thermodynamics of adsorption of Sr2+, Ce3+, Sm3+, Gd3+, Th4+, UO 2+2 on activated charcoal from aqueous solution

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Abstract

Surface parameters of the activated charcoal were measured using precise instrumental techniques for dehydration, carbon content, trace metals impurities, anions, bulk, tap and true densities, surface area, pore volume, porosity and average particle diameter. The adsorption of Sr2+, Ce3+, Sm3+, Gd3+, Th4+ and UO 2+2 ions on activated charcoal from aqueous solution was studied as a function of temperature. Thermodynamic parameters such as ΔHH 0 and ΔS 0 were calculated from the slopes and intercepts of the linear variation of lnK 1 vs. 1/T, whereK 3 is obtained from Langmuir equation. The results show endothermic heats of adsorption, but negative free energy values indicate that the adsorption process of metal ions on activated charcoal is favored at high temperature. The value of isosteric heat of adsorption, calculated from the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, shows that the surface of the activated charcoal is heterogeneous with respect to activity. A wavelength dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrometer was used for measuring the concentration of metal ions.

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Author notes

  1. M. Saleem

    Present address: Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan

    R. Qadeer & J. Hanif

  2. Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan

    M. Afzal

Authors
  1. R. Qadeer
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  2. J. Hanif
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  3. M. Saleem
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  4. M. Afzal
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Qadeer, R., Hanif, J., Saleem, M. et al. Surface characterization and thermodynamics of adsorption of Sr2+, Ce3+, Sm3+, Gd3+, Th4+, UO 2+2 on activated charcoal from aqueous solution. Colloid Polym Sci 271, 83–90 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00652307

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00652307

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