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Ototoxic effect of nitromin and some congenital deaf animal cochlea. An electron microscopical study

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Summary

The ototoxic action of nitromin on guinea pigs and mice was studied, Shaker-l-mice and Hedlund white mink cochlea were also studied with the comparison of nitromin intoxicated cochlea.

Nitromin was found to be more toxic than kanamycin, streptomycin and gentamicin with regard to their dosages. Toxic reactions were mainly observed in the cochlear sensory epithelia. Degeneration appeared first in the outer hair cells in the basal turn of the cochlea starting with the formation of whorls and proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticula and ending with the complete degeneration of the sensory cells, but the stria vascularis showed little change. Even after the disappearance of the hair cells, some efferent nerve endings were still present in the organ of Corti.

Shaker mice have a fairly normal stria vascularis with normal filling of scaly media but show severe degeneration of organ of Corti. This cochlea shows pathological changes somewhat similar to those of ototoxic antibiotics intoxicated cochlea. On the other hand, Hedlund white mink showed the degeneration of the organ of Corti caused by severe degeneration of the stria vascularis and collapse of scaly media.

We have demonstrated similar final cochlear degeneration following different pathological pathways in three species of animals.

Zusammenfassung

Die ototoxische Wirkung von Nitromin wurde an Mäusen und Meerschweinchen studiert and die toxischen Veränderungen den morphologischen Bildern der Cochlea von Shaker-Mäusen und Hedlund-Nerzen gegenüber gestellt.

Es wurde festgestellt, daß die toxische Wirkung von Nitromin größer ist als die von Streptomycin and Kanamycin — bezogen auf die verabfolgte Dosis.

Toxische Veränderungen fanden sick hauptsächlich im Sinnesepithel der Cochlea. Zuerst kam es zum Untergang von äußeren Haarzellen in der basalen Schneckenwindung beginnend mit der Bildung von „Wirbeln” and der Proliferation des glatten endoplasmatischen Reticulums und endend mit der kompletten Degeneration der Sinneszellen, jedoch nur mit geringen Veränderungen in der Stria vascularis. Gleich nach dem Verschwinden der Haarzellen waxen immer noch einige efferente Nervenendungen im Corti-Organ vorhanden.

Die Shaker-Maus hat eine völlig normale Stria vascularis mit normaler Ausfüllung der Scaly media, abet One schwere Degeneration des Corti-Organs. Die Cochlea zeigt pathologische Veränderungen etwas ähnlich der durch ototoxische Antibiotica geschädigten Cochlea.

Auf der anderen Seite fmdet man bei Hedlund-Nerzen eine Degeneration des Cortischen Organs, hervorgerufen durch schwere Degeneration der Stria vascularis und durch Kollaps der Scala media.

Wir haben also ähnliche Formen von Cochlea-Degeneration bei drei Sorten von Versuchstieren gezeigt, die auf unterschiedlichen pathologischen Wegen zustande kommen.

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  1. Department of Otolaryngology, Osaka City University School of Medicine, Abeno, Osaka, Japan

    Yoshiaki Nakai M.D. & Sumiko Nakai M.D.

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  1. Yoshiaki Nakai M.D.
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  2. Sumiko Nakai M.D.
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Nakai, Y., Nakai, S. Ototoxic effect of nitromin and some congenital deaf animal cochlea. An electron microscopical study. Arch. Klin. Exp. Ohr.-, Nas.- U. Kehlk. Heilk. 198, 325–338 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00316933

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