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Effect of induction hydroxy and hydrogen along with algal biodiesel blend in a CI engine: a comparison of performance and emission characteristics

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Abstract

Gaseous fuel as a combustion enhancer with a pilot fuel offers significant benefits in improving engine efficiency. Hydrogen and hydroxy are the two most common gaseous fuels that have been widely investigated in the CI engine but which one performs best is still inconvenient. In this study, hydrogen and hydroxy were injected with BD40 (v/v) separately in a common diesel engine to compare the performance and emission characteristics of these fuels. Engine performance parameters include brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and brake-specific energy consumption (BSEC), and exhaust emissions include hydrocarbon (HC), CO, CO2, NOx, and smoke opacity. The induction of both hydroxy and hydrogen with BD40 has a positive effect on engine performance and emissions except NOx when compared to neat diesel fuel and BD40. The BTE of hydroxy-rich BD40 increased by 7.2% while BSEC reduced by 7.6% as compared to BD40 with hydrogen. The CO, HC, and smoke opacity of hydroxy-operated engine was found to be better than hydrogen-inducted engine. The NOx emission increased with the induction of both gaseous fuels and hydroxy-enriched BD40 produced 12.5% more emission than hydrogen-operated BD40 engine. Thus, more concisely, hydroxy-operated biodiesel engine performed better than hydrogen engine in terms of BTE, BSEC, CO, HC, and smoke opacity.

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Abbreviations

CI:

Compression ignition

HHO:

Hydroxy gas

BP:

Brake power

DF:

Diesel fuel

BD40 :

40% biodiesel + 80% DF (v/v)

FC:

Fuel consumption

BSEC:

Brake-specific energy consumption

BTE :

Brake thermal efficiency

EGT:

Exhaust gas temperature

HC :

Hydrocarbon

NOx :

Nitrogen oxides

LPG:

Liquefied petroleum gas

LNG:

Liquefied natural gas

lpm:

Liter per minute

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Acknowledgements

This experiment has been carried out in Institute of Fuel Research & Development (IFRD), Dhaka, Bangladesh. The authors would like to thank Lab expert for the technical assistance.

Funding

Ministry of Power, Energy and Mineral Resources, Bangladesh provided partial financial support through research program.

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Correspondence to Md. Atiqur Rahman.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Rahman, M.A. Effect of induction hydroxy and hydrogen along with algal biodiesel blend in a CI engine: a comparison of performance and emission characteristics. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26, 9552–9560 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04380-2

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