Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A Novel Method for Analyzing the Performance of Free Space Optical Communication in WDM Using EDFA

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper intends to design an artificial model of WDM Optical Network in respect of length, pump power and simple free space optical link which is designed and analysis of several FSO (Free-space optical communication) factors such as Bit Error Rate (BER), Q factor and received power have been measured with regard to the variants in the beam divergence and attenuation. The Simulation process of the System has been done using Optic simulation software to achieve gain enhancement and decrease noise factor of Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) through optimized fiber length and pump power. This work focused to construct artificial design and analyses of 16 channels WDM system using EDFA and the influence of irregular atmospheric Motions on the link performance has been inspected by fluctuating beam divergence, atmospheric disturbances and modulation format at the bit rate of 10 Gb/s. As slicing in WDM schemes, in the transmitter channel with the frequency of 1558 nm and chip spacing 0.4 nm, power value is equal to + 23.5dBm, whereas the optical power meter plus can be used to predict the output power in the form of NRZ modulation, while the input power is produced with a help of CW laser, the gain level has been enriched from 1564 to 1558 nm wavelength band with bit rate of 10GbpS.This system is prepared by using Optic simulation software version 7.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20
Fig. 21
Fig. 22
Fig. 23
Fig. 24
Fig. 25
Fig. 26
Fig. 27

Similar content being viewed by others

Data Availability

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

References

  1. Chen, X., Xiaochun, Lu., Wang, X., Ke, J., & Guo, X. (2021). Constant envelope multiplexing of multi-carrier dsss signals considering sub-carrier frequency constraint. Electronics, 10(2), 211.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Chen, K.-S., Chen, C.-S., & Xiao-Lu, Wu. (2019). Two-code keying and code conversion for opticalbuffer design in optical packet switching networks. Electronics, 8, 1117.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Kaur, K., & Singh, K. (2013). Performance of 16 channels WDM system using gain flattened EDFA. International Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology (IJEIT), 3, 181.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Mustapha, M. G., Ajiya, M., & Shuaibu, D. S. (2014). Uncluttered gain roll out in erbium doped fiber amplifier. International Journal of Computing Communications & Instrumentation Engineering (IJCCIE), 1, 64.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Mahad, F. D., Supa’at, A. S. B. M., & Sahmah, A. (2009). EDFA gain optimization for WDM system. Elektrika, 11, 34.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Yin, G., Cui, S., Ke, C., & Liu, D. (2018). Reference optical spectrum based in-band OSNR monitoring method for EDFA amplified Multispan optical fiber transmission system with cascaded filtering effect. IEEE Photonics Journal, 10(3), 1–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Ishii, K., Kurumida, J., & Namiki, S. (2016). Experimental investigation of gain offset behavior of feedforward-controlled WDM AGC EDFA under various dynamic wavelength allocations. IEEE Photonics Journal, 8(1), 1–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Singh, S., & Kaler, R. S. (2006). Gain flattening approach to physical EDFA for 16 × 40 Gb/s NRZ-DPSK WDM optical communication systems. Fiber and integrated optics, 25(5), 363–374.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Korai, U. A., Luini, L., & Nebuloni, R. (2018). Model for the prediction of rain attenuation affecting free space optical links. Electronics, 7(12), 407.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Kumar, P. N., & Sangeetha, A. (2013). Gain flatness of EDFA in WDM systems. In 2013 International conference on communication and signal processing, pp. 713–716. IEEE.

  11. Goldstein, E. L., Eskilden, L., Da Silva, V., Andrejco, M., & Silberberg, Y. (1995). Inhomogeneously broadened fiber-amplifier cascades for transparent multiwavelength lightwave networks. Journal of lightwave technology, 13, 782.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Park, S. Y., Kim, H. K., Park, C. S., & Shin, S. Y. (1996). Doped fibre length and pump power of gain-flattened EDFAs. Electronics Letters, 32(23), 2161–2162.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Sun, Y., Srivastava, A. K., Zhou, J., & Sulhoff, J. W. (1999). Optical fiber amplifiers for WDM optical networks. Bell Labs Technical Journal, 4(1), 187–206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Su, S. F., Olshansky, R., Smith, D. A., & Baran, J. E. (1993). Flattening of erbium-doped fibre amplifier gain spectrum using an acousto-optic tunable filter. Electronics Letters, 5(29), 477–478.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Semmalar, S., & Devi, P. (2011). Optimized gain EDFA of different lengths with an influence of pump power. In 2011 International conference on electronics, communication and computing technologies, pp. 90–95. IEEE.

  16. Kaler, R., & Kaler, R. S. (2011). Gain and noise figure performance of erbium doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) and compact EDFAs. Optik International Journal for Light and Electron Optics, 122, 440.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Othman, M. A., Ismail, M. M., Sulaiman, H. A., Misran, M. H., & Said, M. A. M. (2013). EDFA-WDM optical network analysis. International journal of Electronics and computer science engineering, 1(4), 2277–1956.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Sindhubala, K., & Vijayalakshmi, B. (2017). Simulation of VLC system under the influence of optical background noise using filtering technique. Materials Today: Proceedings, 4(2), 4239–4250.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Fadhil, H. A., Amphawan, A., Shamsuddin, H. A., Abd, T. H., Al-Khafaji, H. M., Aljunid, S. A., & Ahmed, N. (2013). Optimization of free space optics parameters: An optimum solution for bad weather conditions. Optik, 124(19), 3969–3973.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Willebrand, H. A., & Ghuman, B. S. (2001). Fiber optics without fiber. IEEE spectrum, 38(8), 40–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Kumar, N., Sharma, A. K., & Kapoor, V. (2011). Performance evaluation of free space optics communication system in the presence of forward error correction techniques. Journal of Optical communications, 32, 243.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Singh, J., & Kumar, N. (2013). Performance analysis of different modulation format on free space optical communication system. Optik International Journal for Light and Electron Optics, 124, 4651.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Willebrand, H., & Ghuman, B. S. (2002). Free space optics: enabling optical connectivity in today’s networks. Indianapolis, SAMS Publisher, ed.1, Charlotte Clapp, 1

  24. Davis, C. C., & Smolyaninov, I. I. (2002, January). Effect of atmospheric turbulence on bit-error rate in an on-off-keyed optical wireless system. In Proceeding of society of photo-optical instrumentation engineers (SPIE), free-space laser communication and laser imaging, Vol. 4489, pp. 126.

  25. Cui, Y., Qian, Q., Shen, G., Guo, C., & Li, S. (2020). REVERT: A network failure recovery method for data center networks. Electronics, 9(8), 1187.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Karimi, M., & Nasiri-Kenari, M. (2011). Free space optical communications via optical amplify-and-forward relaying. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 29, 242.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Zhu, X., & Kahn, J. M. (2002). Free-space optical communication through atmospheric turbulence channels. IEEE Transactions on communications, 50, 1293.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Garg, N., & Kumar, S. (2013). Design of free space optical communication link with Mach-Zehnder optical modulator for long distance. In 2013 Fourth international conference on computing, communications and networking technologies (ICCCNT), pp. 1-5. IEEE.

  29. Kim, I. I., McArthur, B., & Korevaar, E. J. (2001, February). Comparison of laser beam propagation at 785 nm and 1550 nm in fog and haze for optical wireless communications. In Proceeding of society of photo-optical instrumentation engineers (SPIE), optical wireless communications III, Vol. 4214, pp. 26.

  30. Rashidi, C. B. M., Aljunid, S. A., Ghani, F., Anuar, M. S., & Fadhil, H. A. (2012). Code length optimization using flexible cross correlation (FCC) code in OCDMA networks. In 2012 IEEE 3rd international conference on photonics, pp. 355-359, IEEE.

  31. Anis, A. A., Rahman, A. K., Rashidi, C. B. M., & Aljunid, S. A. (2016). Link budget analysis for free space optical (FSO) communication under haze condition with adverse wavelength. In 2016 3rd International conference on electronic design (ICED), pp. 354-357, IEEE.

  32. Kumar, S. (2021). Payal, “enhancing performance of coherent optical OFDM FSO communication link using cascaded EDFA.” Wireless Personal Communications, 120, 1109–1123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-08506-z

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Zafar, S., & Khalid, H. (2021). Free space optical networks: Applications, challenges and research directions. Wireless Personal Communications, 121, 429–457. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-08644-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Dayal, N., Singh, P., & Kaur, P. (2017). Performance enhancement in WDM-FSO system using optical amplifiers under different rain conditions. In Proceeding of international conference on intelligent communication, control and devices: ICICCD 2016, pp. 293-298, Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1708-7_34.

  35. Dayal, N., Singh, P., & Kaur, P. (2017). Relay-assisted WDM-FSO System: A better solution for communication under rain and haze weather conditions. Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, 4, 54–59. https://doi.org/10.26636/jtit.2017.113917

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

There was no financial support received from any organization for carrying out this work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Communication, PSR Engineering College (Autonomous), Sevalpatti, Sivakasi, India

    Karuppasamy Periyasamy, Vinoth Rathinam & Karthikeyan Ganesan

  2. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Kongu Engineering College (Autonomous), Perundurai, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India

    Meenakumari Ramachandran

  3. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Kongu Engineering College (Autonomous), Perundurai, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India

    Suresh Muthusamy, Maheswaran Shanmugam & Suji Prasad Sudarsanan Nair Jalajakumari

  4. Department of Electrical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Ravita Lamba

  5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government Engineering College, Patan, Gujarat, India

    Hitesh Panchal

  6. Department of Engineering Mathematics, College of Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Greenfields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India

    Rajyalakshmi Kottapalli

Authors
  1. Karuppasamy Periyasamy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Vinoth Rathinam
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Karthikeyan Ganesan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Meenakumari Ramachandran
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Suresh Muthusamy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Ravita Lamba
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Hitesh Panchal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Maheswaran Shanmugam
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Suji Prasad Sudarsanan Nair Jalajakumari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Rajyalakshmi Kottapalli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

All the authors contribute equally for the preparation of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Suresh Muthusamy.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Ethical Approval

This material is the authors’ own original work, which has not been previously published elsewhere. The paper is not currently being considered for publication elsewhere. The paper reflects the authors’ own research and analysis in a truthful and complete manner.

Consent to Participate

I have been informed of the risks and benefits involved, and all my questions have been answered to my satisfaction. Furthermore, I have been assured that any future questions I may have will also be answered by a member of the research team. I voluntarily agree to take part in this study.

Consent to Publish

Individuals may consent to participate in a study, but object to having their data published in a journal article.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Periyasamy, K., Rathinam, V., Ganesan, K. et al. A Novel Method for Analyzing the Performance of Free Space Optical Communication in WDM Using EDFA. Wireless Pers Commun 131, 679–707 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-023-10452-x

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-023-10452-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation