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Taxonomic review of the Sebastes vulpes complex (Scorpaenoidei: Sebastidae)

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Abstract

A taxonomic review of the Sebastes vulpes complex (S. vulpes, S. zonatus and S. ijimae) established the existence of two valid species, Sebastes vulpes Döderlein in Steindachner and Döderlein 1884 and Sebastes zonatus Chen and Barsukov 1976, despite evidence of hybridization between them. Similarities between the species include the following: top of cranium armed with robust nasal, preocular, postocular, tympanic and parietal spines; interorbital space flat; anterior and posterior lacrimals without distinct spines, forming two blunt lobes; thickened rays in ventral half of pectoral fin; dorsal fin usually with 13 spines and 13 soft rays; caudal fin rounded; and pored lateral-line scales usually 30–35. However, S. zonatus is distinguishable from S. vulpes in usually having distinct vertical dark bands on the dorsum (vs. usually lacking), minute cycloid scales usually present posteriorly on the lower jaw (vs. usually absent) and present on the entire basal portion of the spinous dorsal-fin membrane (vs. absent below first to ninth or to last dorsal-fin spine). Based on specimen and literature records, S. vulpes inhabits depths of 0–50 m, ranging from Hokkaido southward to Shimane and Sagami Bay, Japan, and along the southern coast of the Korean Peninsula, whereas S. zonatus inhabits depths of 50–100 m, from Hokkaido southward to Shimane and Tosa Bay, including the Seto Inland Sea, and along the southern coast of the Korean Peninsula. Sebastodes ijimae Jordan and Metz 1913 is considered to be a junior synonym of S. vulpes, based on examinations of type and other genetically assigned specimens. A lectotype is designated for S. vulpes.

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Acknowledgements

We thank K. Nakayama and M. Tagawa (FAKU) for helpful comments, G. Hardy (Ngunguru, New Zealand) for English corrections and valuable comments on the manuscript, and K. Sakai (Noto Marine Center) and T. Noda (Seikai National Fisheries Research Institute) for help in collecting specimens and valuable discussion. We also thank L. Parenti and J. Williams (USNM), W. Smith and K. Swagel (FMNH), W. Fink and D. Nelson (UMMZ), P. Hastings, H. Walker and C. Klepadlo (SIO), P. Bartsch and C. Lamour (ZMB), E. Mikschi and H. Wellendorf (NMW), M. Yabe, H. Imamura and T. Kawai (HUMZ), K. Matsuura, G. Shinohara and M. Nakae (NSMT), M. Motokawa (The Kyoto University Museum) and N. Nakayama (formerly The Kyoto University Museum), who facilitated the authors’ visits to examine specimens, J.-K. Kim (PKU), H. Endo (BSKU) and D. Catania (CAS) for loans of specimens and H.-J. Kwun (formerly PKU) for translating Korean literature. Our appreciation is also extended to the following who helped the collection of specimens and literature: Y. Koizumi and K. Koizumi (Otaru city), S. Matsui and K. Takahashi (Tomakomai city), C.-H. Jeong (Inha University) and N. Yoshimura (formerly HUMZ). This study was supported in part by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers 19770063 and 20370034, the Mikimoto Fund for Marine Ecology and the Sasakawa Scientific Research Grant from the Japan Science Society.

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  1. Nozomu Muto

    Present address: Department of Marine Biology and Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Tokai University, 5-1-1-1 Minamisawa, Minami-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 005-8601, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan

    Nozomu Muto

  2. Maizuru Fisheries Research Station, Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University, Nagahama, Maizuru, Kyoto, 625-0086, Japan

    Yoshiaki Kai

  3. The Kyoto University Museum, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan

    Tetsuji Nakabo

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This article was registered in the Official Register of Zoological Nomenclature (ZooBank) as 6E610D75-840F-43C9-A640-01179703E406.

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Muto, N., Kai, Y. & Nakabo, T. Taxonomic review of the Sebastes vulpes complex (Scorpaenoidei: Sebastidae). Ichthyol Res 66, 9–29 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-018-0641-8

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