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Efficacy of different surgical techniques for peri-implant tissue preservation in immediate implant placement: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

Introduction

Preserving peri-implant tissues after immediate implant placement (IIP), especially in aesthetic zones, is a topic of interest.

Objectives

This systematic review investigated the effects of currently available surgical procedures for preserving peri-implant tissue or ensuring dimensional stability following immediate implant placement.

Materials and methods

The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement’s guidelines were followed, and articles were sought on the PubMed and Cochrane databases with no date restrictions. Only randomised clinical trials that evaluated changes in soft and hard tissues around immediately placed implants were included. Statistical analyses were performed, and the studies´ quality was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. The agreement between reviewers was assessed based on Cohen’s kappa statistics.

Results

Of the 14 studies that met the inclusion criteria, 11 were analysed in the meta-analysis (kappa = 0.814; almost perfect agreement). The use of connective tissue grafts resulted in a significantly greater improvement of the facial gingival level (MD = −0.51; 95% CI: −0.76 to −0.31; p = < .001), and the placement of bone grafts significantly reduced the horizontal resorption of the buccal bone (MD = −0.59; 95% CI: −0.78 to −0.39; p < .001).

Conclusion

Connective tissue grafts and bone grafts positively influence tissue preservation around immediately placed implants. Neither the flapless technique nor palatal implant positioning resulted in significant improvements to any of the investigated parameters. Additional longitudinal studies are required.

Clinical relevance

This meta-analysis is useful for discerning the effects of soft tissue augmentation, bone grafting, the flapless technique, and palatal implant positioning on preserving peri-implant tissues after immediate implant placement.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Oral Surgery Department, Dentistry Faculty, University of Seville, Seville, Spain

    Sara Bakkali, María Rizo-Gorrita, Manuel-María Romero-Ruiz, José Luis Gutiérrez-Pérez, Daniel Torres-Lagares & Maria Ángeles Serrera-Figallo

Authors
  1. Sara Bakkali
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  2. María Rizo-Gorrita
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  3. Manuel-María Romero-Ruiz
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  4. José Luis Gutiérrez-Pérez
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  5. Daniel Torres-Lagares
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  6. Maria Ángeles Serrera-Figallo
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Contributions

Manuel-María Romero-Ruiz, José Luis Gutiérrez-Pérez, Maria Ángeles Serrera-Figallo: data curation, Sara Bakkali and Daniel Torres-Lagares; formal analysis, María Rizo-Gorrita; investigation, Sara Bakkali, María Rizo-Gorrita, Daniel Torres-Lagares, and Maria Ángeles Serrera-Figallo; methodology, Sara Bakkali, Manuel-María Romero-Ruiz, José Luis Gutiérrez-Pérez, Daniel Torres-Lagares, and Maria Ángeles Serrera-Figallo; project administration, Maria Ángeles Serrera-Figallo; software, Maria Ángeles Serrera-Figallo; supervision, Manuel-María Romero-Ruiz, José Luis Gutiérrez-Pérez, and Daniel Torres-Lagares; validation, Manuel-María Romero-Ruiz, José Luis Gutiérrez-Pérez, Daniel Torres-Lagares, and Maria Ángeles Serrera-Figallo; visualisation, Sara Bakkali and María Rizo-Gorrita; writing (original draft), Sara Bakkali, María Rizo-Gorrita, Manuel-María Romero-Ruiz, José Luis Gutiérrez-Pérez, Daniel Torres-Lagares, and Maria Ángeles Serrera-Figallo; writing (reviewing and editing), Sara Bakkali, María Rizo-Gorrita, Manuel-María Romero-Ruiz, José Luis Gutiérrez-Pérez, Daniel Torres-Lagares, and Maria Ángeles Serrera-Figallo.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to José Luis Gutiérrez-Pérez or Daniel Torres-Lagares.

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Bakkali, S., Rizo-Gorrita, M., Romero-Ruiz, MM. et al. Efficacy of different surgical techniques for peri-implant tissue preservation in immediate implant placement: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Invest 25, 1655–1675 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-021-03794-y

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