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SIU–ICUD consultation on bladder cancer: basic science

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Abstract

Purpose

To provide a condensed summary of the Basic Science chapter that was included in the Third International Consultation on Bladder Cancer.

Methods

World bladder cancer basic science experts used the published literature to create summaries of recent progress in their areas of expertise.

Results

The completion of several large-scale genomics projects coupled with a strong collaborative culture within the research community and the exciting clinical activity of immune checkpoint blockade have combined to transform the bladder cancer research landscape. Bladder cancer molecular subtypes and the presence of specific DNA alterations provide important information about disease heterogeneity that has direct implications for clinical management, and some can be targeted by compounds that are already clinically available. Tests are being developed that can measure many of these alterations non-invasively in peripheral blood or urine, raising confidence that they could be used as biomarkers for surveillance and monitoring the effects of local and systemic therapies.

Conclusions

Although the bulk of the mechanistic work lies ahead, the genomics results have created a hypothesis-generating description of bladder cancer heterogeneity that has set the stage for deeper mechanistic studies, and they have already provided us with extremely attractive candidate biomarkers to guide clinical practice. Here, we will summarize the recent progress in basic bladder cancer research and highlight near-term opportunities for the future.

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Acknowledgements

This summary is based on the work of the following experts who contributed original sections to the International Consultation of Urologic Disease’s Consultation in Bladder Cancer (Basic Research section): Simon C Baker, Jack Birch Unit of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK. Keith Syson Chan, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. Colin P.N. Dinney, Department of Urology, U.T. M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030. Lars Dyrskjøt, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark. Ewan A Gibb, GenomeDx Biosciences, Vancouver, Canada. Carolyn D. Hurst, Section of Molecular Oncology, Leeds Institute of Cancer & Pathology, St James’s University Hospital, Beckett Street, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK. Molly A. Ingersoll, Unit of Dendritic Cell Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France, and Inserm U1223, 75015 Paris, France. Gopa Iyer, Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065. Jaegil Kim, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139. Margaret A. Knowles, Section of Molecular Oncology, Leeds Institute of Cancer & Pathology, St James’s University Hospital, Beckett Street, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK. David J. Kwiatkowski, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115. Seth P. Lerner, Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. David J. McConkey, Johns Hopkins Greenberg Bladder Cancer Institute and Brady Urological Institute, Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287. Joshua J. Meeks, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Urology and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL. Cathy Mendelsohn, Departments of Urology, Genetics & Development, and Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032. Conan James Oliver O’Brien, Unit of Dendritic Cell Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France, and Inserm U1223, 75015 Paris, France. Peter O’Donnell, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637. Nagireddy Putluri, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. François Radvanyi, Department of Molecular Oncology, Centre de Recherche, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France. A. Gordon Robertson, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada. Jonathan Rosenberg, Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065. Matthieu Rousseau, Unit of Dendritic Cell Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France, and Inserm U1223, 75015 Paris, France. Marta Sánchez-Carbayo, Cancer Cell Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain. Arlene Siefker-Radtke, Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, U.T. M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030. Gottfrid Sjödahl, Division of Urological Research, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden. Jennifer Southgate, Jack Birch Unit of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK. Jens Stahlschmidt, Jack Birch Unit of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK. Dan Theodorescu, University of Colorado Comprehensive Cancer Center, Aurora, CO. Ludwik K Trejdosiewicz, Jack Birch Unit of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK. Venkatrao Vantaku, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. Tahlita C.M. Zuiverloon, Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, The Netherlands, and University of Colorado Comprehensive Cancer Center, Aurora, CO.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Johns Hopkins Greenberg Bladder Cancer Institute, Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA

    David J. McConkey

  2. Scott Department of Urology, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA

    Seth P. Lerner

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  1. David J. McConkey
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Protocol/project development: David McConkey and Seth Lerner. Data collection or management: David McConkey and Seth Lerner. Data analysis: David McConkey and Seth Lerner. Manuscript writing/editing: David McConkey and Seth Lerner.

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Correspondence to David J. McConkey.

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David McConkey (grant support)—Ranier Therapeutics Scientific Advisory Boards—Janssen, Ranier Therapeutics—Astra-Zeneca (grant support). Seth Lerner—Endo, FKD, Viventia, UroGen (grant support), QED Therapeutics, Nucleix, Urogen, MIR Scientific (advisory boards), Vaxiion (consulting).

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McConkey, D.J., Lerner, S.P. SIU–ICUD consultation on bladder cancer: basic science. World J Urol 37, 15–29 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-018-2594-y

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