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Seasonal cycles of sap flow and stem radius variation of Spartocytisus supranubius in the alpine zone of Tenerife, Canary Islands

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Abstract

We analyzed the seasonal patterns of sap flow density (Q s) and stem radius variation (SRV) of Spartocytisus supranubius, a dominant, endemic tree-like shrub of the mountain vegetation at high elevation in Tenerife, Canary Islands. We tested the hypotheses that drought and its effect on water status and on radial growth (RG) is primarily related to cool–wet-season precipitation preceding the current year rather than to the dry summer per se. During 2013 and 2014 Q s and SRV were monitored with Granier-type sap flow sensors and automatic band dendrometers, respectively. Tree water deficit (ΔW) was extracted from SRV, and standard meteorological factors were used to calculate daily reference evapotranspiration (ET r) and soil moisture deficit. In both years investigated Q s was highest during the dry summer coinciding with periods of high ET r, indicating that plants were able to tap water from deep soil layers originating from precipitation prior the current year’s growth. The high RG and low ΔW rates observed throughout both dry summers are consistent with a direct access of tap roots to deep soil water reserves. Seasonal variations in RG of S. supranubius were mainly determined by the course of Q s and thus dependent on temperature and tree water status.

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Acknowledgements

The authors express their gratitude to National Park’s Network for permission to work in Teide National Park. We also thank M.S. Jimenez and D. Morales for helpful suggestions. This work was supported by the Spanish Government [CGL2010-21366-C04-04 MCI] co-financed by FEDER and Austrian Science Foundation [FWF P 22206-B16]. P.B. received a fellowship financed by Canarian Agency for Research, Innovation and Information Society and co-financed by FEDER. Special thanks to two reviewers for their valuable comments on the manuscript.

Declaration of authorship

AMG, PB, and GW planned the experiment and were responsible for sap flow and climate data analysis. JRP, AG, and WO evaluated growth data. GW and WO drafted the text, with substantial contributions by AMG and PB. All authors contributed to final editing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), C/Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38207, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

    Águeda M. González-Rodríguez, Patricia Brito & José R. Lorenzo

  2. Institute of Botany, Leopold-Franzens Universität Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria

    Andreas Gruber & Walter Oberhuber

  3. Department Alpine Timberline Ecophysiology, Federal Research and Training Centre for Forests, Natural Hazards and Landscape (BFW), Rennweg 1, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria

    Gerhard Wieser

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  1. Águeda M. González-Rodríguez
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  2. Patricia Brito
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  3. José R. Lorenzo
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  4. Andreas Gruber
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Correspondence to Gerhard Wieser.

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González-Rodríguez, Á.M., Brito, P., Lorenzo, J.R. et al. Seasonal cycles of sap flow and stem radius variation of Spartocytisus supranubius in the alpine zone of Tenerife, Canary Islands. Alp Botany 127, 97–108 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00035-017-0189-7

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