Abstract
Within the so-called cosmological collider program, imprints of new particles on primordial non-Gaussianities have been studied intensively. In particular, their non- analytic features in the soft limit provide a smoking gun for new particles at the inflation scale. While this approach is very powerful to probe particles of the mass near the Hubble scale, the signal is exponentially suppressed for heavy particles. In this paper, to enlarge the scope of the cosmological collider, we explore a new approach to probing spins of heavy particles from signs of Wilson coefficients of the inflaton effective action and the corresponding primordial non-Gaussianities. As a first step, we focus on the regime where the de Sitter conformal symmetry is weakly broken. It is well known that the leading order effective operator (∂μ𝜙∂μ𝜙)2 is universally positive as a consequence of unitarity. In contrast, we find that the sign of the six derivative operator (∇μ∂ν𝜙)2(∂ρ𝜙)2 is positive for intermediate heavy scalars, whereas it is negative for intermediate heavy spinning states. Therefore, under the assumption of tree-level UV completion, the sign can be used to probe spins of heavy particles generating the effective interaction. We also study phenomenology of primordial non-Gaussianities thereof.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
X. Chen and Y. Wang, Quasi-single field inflation and non-Gaussianities, JCAP04 (2010) 027 [arXiv:0911.3380] [INSPIRE].
D. Baumann and D. Green, Signatures of supersymmetry from the early universe, Phys. Rev.D 85 (2012) 103520 [arXiv:1109.0292] [INSPIRE].
T. Noumi, M. Yamaguchi and D. Yokoyama, Effective field theory approach to quasi-single field inflation and effects of heavy fields, JHEP06 (2013) 051 [arXiv:1211.1624] [INSPIRE].
N. Arkani-Hamed and J. Maldacena, Cosmological collider physics, arXiv:1503.08043 [INSPIRE].
X. Chen and Y. Wang, Large non-Gaussianities with intermediate shapes from quasi-single field inflation, Phys. Rev.D 81 (2010) 063511 [arXiv:0909.0496] [INSPIRE].
V. Assassi, D. Baumann and D. Green, On soft limits of inflationary correlation functions, JCAP11 (2012) 047 [arXiv:1204.4207] [INSPIRE].
E. Sefusatti, J.R. Fergusson, X. Chen and E.P.S. Shellard, Effects and detectability of quasi-single field inflation in the large-scale structure and Cosmic Microwave Background, JCAP08 (2012) 033 [arXiv:1204.6318] [INSPIRE].
J. Norena, L. Verde, G. Barenboim and C. Bosch, Prospects for constraining the shape of non-Gaussianity with the scale-dependent bias, JCAP08 (2012) 019 [arXiv:1204.6324] [INSPIRE].
R. Emami, Spectroscopy of masses and couplings during inflation, JCAP04 (2014) 031 [arXiv:1311.0184] [INSPIRE].
J. Liu, Y. Wang and S. Zhou, Inflation with massive vector fields, JCAP08 (2015) 033 [arXiv:1502.05138] [INSPIRE].
E. Dimastrogiovanni, M. Fasiello and M. Kamionkowski, Imprints of massive primordial fields on large-scale structure, JCAP02 (2016) 017 [arXiv:1504.05993] [INSPIRE].
F. Schmidt, N.E. Chisari and C. Dvorkin, Imprint of inflation on galaxy shape correlations, JCAP10 (2015) 032 [arXiv:1506.02671] [INSPIRE].
X. Chen, M.H. Namjoo and Y. Wang, Quantum primordial standard clocks, JCAP02 (2016) 013 [arXiv:1509.03930] [INSPIRE].
L.V. Delacretaz, T. Noumi and L. Senatore, Boost breaking in the EFT of inflation, JCAP02 (2017) 034 [arXiv:1512.04100] [INSPIRE].
B. Bonga, S. Brahma, A.-S. Deutsch and S. Shandera, Cosmic variance in inflation with two light scalars, JCAP05 (2016) 018 [arXiv:1512.05365] [INSPIRE].
R. Flauger, M. Mirbabayi, L. Senatore and E. Silverstein, Productive interactions: heavy particles and non-Gaussianity, JCAP10 (2017) 058 [arXiv:1606.00513] [INSPIRE].
H. Lee, D. Baumann and G.L. Pimentel, Non-Gaussianity as a particle detector, JHEP12 (2016) 040 [arXiv:1607.03735] [INSPIRE].
L.V. Delacretaz, V. Gorbenko and L. Senatore, The supersymmetric effective field theory of inflation, JHEP03 (2017) 063 [arXiv:1610.04227] [INSPIRE].
P.D. Meerburg, M. Münchmeyer, J.B. Muñoz and X. Chen, Prospects for cosmological collider physics, JCAP03 (2017) 050 [arXiv:1610.06559] [INSPIRE].
X. Chen, Y. Wang and Z.-Z. Xianyu, Standard model background of the cosmological collider, Phys. Rev. Lett.118 (2017) 261302 [arXiv:1610.06597] [INSPIRE].
X. Chen, Y. Wang and Z.-Z. Xianyu, Standard model mass spectrum in inflationary universe, JHEP04 (2017) 058 [arXiv:1612.08122] [INSPIRE].
A. Kehagias and A. Riotto, On the inflationary perturbations of massive higher-spin fields, JCAP07 (2017) 046 [arXiv:1705.05834] [INSPIRE].
H. An, M. McAneny, A.K. Ridgway and M.B. Wise, Quasi single field inflation in the non-perturbative regime, JHEP06 (2018) 105 [arXiv:1706.09971] [INSPIRE].
X. Tong, Y. Wang and S. Zhou, On the effective field theory for quasi-single field inflation, JCAP11 (2017) 045 [arXiv:1708.01709] [INSPIRE].
A.V. Iyer, S. Pi, Y. Wang, Z. Wang and S. Zhou, Strongly coupled quasi-single field inflation, JCAP01 (2018) 041 [arXiv:1710.03054] [INSPIRE].
H. An, M. McAneny, A.K. Ridgway and M.B. Wise, Non-gaussian enhancements of galactic halo correlations in quasi-single field inflation, Phys. Rev.D 97 (2018) 123528 [arXiv:1711.02667] [INSPIRE].
S. Kumar and R. Sundrum, Heavy-lifting of gauge theories by cosmic inflation, JHEP05 (2018) 011 [arXiv:1711.03988] [INSPIRE].
S. Riquelme M., Non-Gaussianities in a two-field generalization of Natural Inflation, JCAP04 (2018) 027 [arXiv:1711.08549] [INSPIRE].
G. Franciolini, A. Kehagias and A. Riotto, Imprints of spinning particles on primordial cosmological perturbations, JCAP02 (2018) 023 [arXiv:1712.06626] [INSPIRE].
R. Saito and T. Kubota, Heavy particle signatures in cosmological correlation functions with tensor modes, JCAP06 (2018) 009 [arXiv:1804.06974] [INSPIRE].
G. Cabass, E. Pajer and F. Schmidt, Imprints of oscillatory bispectra on galaxy clustering, JCAP09 (2018) 003 [arXiv:1804.07295] [INSPIRE].
Y. Wang, Y.-P. Wu, J. Yokoyama and S. Zhou, Hybrid quasi-single field inflation, JCAP07 (2018) 068 [arXiv:1804.07541] [INSPIRE].
E. Dimastrogiovanni, M. Fasiello and G. Tasinato, Probing the inflationary particle content: extra spin-2 field, JCAP08 (2018) 016 [arXiv:1806.00850] [INSPIRE].
L. Bordin, P. Creminelli, A. Khmelnitsky and L. Senatore, Light particles with spin in inflation, JCAP10 (2018) 013 [arXiv:1806.10587] [INSPIRE].
W.Z. Chua, Q. Ding, Y. Wang and S. Zhou, Imprints of Schwinger effect on primordial spectra, JHEP04 (2019) 066 [arXiv:1810.09815] [INSPIRE].
N. Arkani-Hamed, D. Baumann, H. Lee and G.L. Pimentel, The cosmological bootstrap: inflationary correlators from symmetries and singularities, arXiv:1811.00024 [INSPIRE].
S. Kumar and R. Sundrum, Seeing higher-dimensional grand unification in primordial non-gaussianities, JHEP04 (2019) 120 [arXiv:1811.11200] [INSPIRE].
G. Goon, K. Hinterbichler, A. Joyce and M. Trodden, Shapes of gravity: tensor non-Gaussianity and massive spin-2 fields, JHEP10 (2019) 182 [arXiv:1812.07571] [INSPIRE].
Y.-P. Wu, Higgs as heavy-lifted physics during inflation, JHEP04 (2019) 125 [arXiv:1812.10654] [INSPIRE].
D. Anninos et al., Cosmological shapes of higher-spin gravity, JCAP04 (2019) 045 [arXiv:1902.01251] [INSPIRE].
M. McAneny and A.K. Ridgway, New shapes of primordial non-gaussianity from quasi-single field inflation with multiple isocurvatons, Phys. Rev.D 100 (2019) 043534 [arXiv:1903.11607] [INSPIRE].
L. Li, T. Nakama, C.M. Sou, Y. Wang and S. Zhou, Gravitational production of superheavy dark matter and associated cosmological signatures, JHEP07 (2019) 067 [arXiv:1903.08842] [INSPIRE].
S. Weinberg, Effective field theory for inflation, Phys. Rev.D 77 (2008) 123541 [arXiv:0804.4291] [INSPIRE].
A. Adams et al., Causality, analyticity and an IR obstruction to UV completion, JHEP10 (2006) 014 [hep-th/0602178] [INSPIRE].
D. Baumann, D. Green, H. Lee and R.A. Porto, Signs of analyticity in single-field inflation, Phys. Rev.D 93 (2016) 023523 [arXiv:1502.07304] [INSPIRE].
C. Cheung and G.N. Remmen, Positive signs in massive gravity, JHEP04 (2016) 002 [arXiv:1601.04068] [INSPIRE].
C. de Rham, S. Melville, A.J. Tolley and S.-Y. Zhou, Positivity bounds for scalar field theories, Phys. Rev.D 96 (2017) 081702 [arXiv:1702.06134] [INSPIRE].
C. de Rham, S. Melville, A.J. Tolley and S.-Y. Zhou, Massive galileon positivity bounds, JHEP09 (2017) 072 [arXiv:1702.08577] [INSPIRE].
C. de Rham, S. Melville, A.J. Tolley and S.-Y. Zhou, UV complete me: positivity bounds for particles with spin, JHEP03 (2018) 011 [arXiv:1706.02712] [INSPIRE].
B. Bellazzini, F. Riva, J. Serra and F. Sgarlata, Beyond positivity bounds and the fate of massive gravity, Phys. Rev. Lett.120 (2018) 161101 [arXiv:1710.02539] [INSPIRE].
C. de Rham, S. Melville and A.J. Tolley, Improved positivity bounds and massive gravity, JHEP04 (2018) 083 [arXiv:1710.09611] [INSPIRE].
C. de Rham, S. Melville, A.J. Tolley and S.-Y. Zhou, Positivity bounds for massive spin-1 and spin-2 fields, JHEP03 (2019) 182 [arXiv:1804.10624] [INSPIRE].
Y. Hamada, T. Noumi and G. Shiu, Weak gravity conjecture from unitarity and causality, Phys. Rev. Lett.123 (2019) 051601 [arXiv:1810.03637] [INSPIRE].
W.-M. Chen, Y.-T. Huang, T. Noumi and C. Wen, Unitarity bounds on charged/neutral state mass ratios, Phys. Rev.D 100 (2019) 025016 [arXiv:1901.11480] [INSPIRE].
B. Bellazzini, M. Lewandowski and J. Serra, Amplitudes’ positivity, weak gravity conjecture and modified gravity, arXiv:1902.03250 [INSPIRE].
M. Herrero-Valea, I. Timiryasov and A. Tokareva, To positivity and beyond, where Higgs-dilaton inflation has never gone before, arXiv:1905.08816 [INSPIRE].
D. Baumann, D. Green and T. Hartman, Dynamical constraints on RG flows and cosmology, arXiv:1906.10226 [INSPIRE].
C. Cheung et al., The effective field theory of inflation, JHEP03 (2008) 014 [arXiv:0709.0293] [INSPIRE].
N. Arkani-Hamed, T.-C. Huang and Y.-t. Huang, Scattering amplitudes for all masses and spins, arXiv:1709.04891 [INSPIRE].
M. Froissart, Asymptotic behavior and subtractions in the Mandelstam representation, Phys. Rev.123 (1961) 1053 [INSPIRE].
O. Schlotterer, Scattering amplitudes in open superstring theory, Ph.D. thesis, Munich University, Munich, Germany (2011).
T. Han, J.D. Lykken and R.-J. Zhang, On Kaluza-Klein states from large extra dimensions, Phys. Rev.D 59 (1999) 105006 [hep-ph/9811350] [INSPIRE].
K. Hinterbichler, Theoretical aspects of massive gravity, Rev. Mod. Phys.84 (2012) 671 [arXiv:1105.3735] [INSPIRE].
C. de Rham, Massive gravity, Living Rev. Rel.17 (2014) 7 [arXiv:1401.4173] [INSPIRE].
L. Randall and R. Sundrum, A large mass hierarchy from a small extra dimension, Phys. Rev. Lett.83 (1999) 3370 [hep-ph/9905221] [INSPIRE].
N. Kaloper and A.D. Linde, Inflation and large internal dimensions, Phys. Rev.D 59 (1999) 101303 [hep-th/9811141] [INSPIRE].
N. Kaloper, Bent domain walls as brane worlds, Phys. Rev.D 60 (1999) 123506 [hep-th/9905210] [INSPIRE].
T. Nihei, Inflation in the five-dimensional universe with an orbifold extra dimension, Phys. Lett.B 465 (1999) 81 [hep-ph/9905487][INSPIRE].
H.B. Kim and H.D. Kim, Inflation and gauge hierarchy in Randall-Sundrum compactification, Phys. Rev.D 61 (2000) 064003 [hep-th/9909053] [INSPIRE].
A. Lukas, B.A. Ovrut and D. Waldram, Boundary inflation, Phys. Rev.D 61 (2000) 023506 [hep-th/9902071] [INSPIRE].
R. Maartens, D. Wands, B.A. Bassett and I. Heard, Chaotic inflation on the brane, Phys. Rev.D 62 (2000) 041301 [hep-ph/9912464] [INSPIRE].
G.F. Giudice, E.W. Kolb, J. Lesgourgues and A. Riotto, Transdimensional physics and inflation, Phys. Rev.D 66 (2002) 083512 [hep-ph/0207145] [INSPIRE].
S.H. Im, H.P. Nilles and A. Trautner, Exploring extra dimensions through inflationary tensor modes, JHEP03 (2018) 004 [arXiv:1707.03830] [INSPIRE].
S. Weinberg, Quantum contributions to cosmological correlations, Phys. Rev.D 72 (2005) 043514 [hep-th/0506236] [INSPIRE].
X. Chen, Primordial non-Gaussianities from inflation models, Adv. Astron.2010 (2010) 638979 [arXiv:1002.1416] [INSPIRE].
Y. Wang, Inflation, cosmic perturbations and non-Gaussianities, Commun. Theor. Phys.62 (2014) 109 [arXiv:1303.1523] [INSPIRE].
S. Raju, New recursion relations and a flat space limit for AdS/CFT correlators, Phys. Rev.D 85 (2012) 126009 [arXiv:1201.6449] [INSPIRE].
N. Arkani-Hamed, P. Benincasa and A. Postnikov, Cosmological polytopes and the wavefunction of the universe, arXiv:1709.02813 [INSPIRE].
P. Creminelli, On non-Gaussianities in single-field inflation, JCAP10 (2003) 003 [astro-ph/0306122][INSPIRE].
S. Kim, T. Noumi, K. Takeuchi and S. Zhou, in progress.
X. Chen, Y. Wang and Z.-Z. Xianyu, Neutrino Signatures in Primordial Non-Gaussianities, JHEP09 (2018) 022 [arXiv:1805.02656] [INSPIRE].
Open Access
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
ArXiv ePrint: 1906.11840
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.
The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.
To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
About this article
Cite this article
Kim, S., Noumi, T., Takeuchi, K. et al. Heavy spinning particles from signs of primordial non-gaussianities: beyond the positivity bounds. J. High Energ. Phys. 2019, 107 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP12(2019)107
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP12(2019)107