Evolutionary helium and cno anomalies in the atmospheres and winds of massive hot stars

Walborn, Nolan R.

doi:10.1007/BFb0034558

Nolan R. Walborn¹

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Physics ((LNP,volume 305))

160 Accesses
6 Citations

Abstract

The ubiquitous evidence for processed material in the atmospheres, winds, and circumstellar ejecta of massive stars will be reviewed. A broad array of normal and peculiar evolutionary stages is considered, up to and including Type II supernova progenitors. The quantitative analysis of these spectra is difficult, and until recently for the most part only qualitative or approximate results have been available. However, several important current programs promise reliable abundance determinations, which will enable detailed comparisons with recent evolutionary calculations. A significant emerging result is that the morphologically normal majority of both hot and cool supergiants may already display an admixture of CNO-cycle products in their atmospheres. It may become possible in this way to identify blue supergiants returning from the red supergiant region, as appears to have been the case for the SN 1987A progenitor.

Operated by AURA, Inc. under contract with NASA.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

Allen, D. A., Jones, T. J., and Hyland, A. R. 1985, Ap. J. 291, 280.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Balachandran, S., Lambert, D. L., Tomkin, J., and Parthasarathy, M. 1986, M.N.R.A.S. 219, 479.
ADS Google Scholar
Bandiera, R. 1987, Ap. J. 319, 885.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Baschek, B., Kodaira, K., and Scholz, M. 1972, Ap. Letters 12, 227.
ADS Google Scholar
Becker, S. A. and Cox, A. N. 1982, Ap. J. 260, 707.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Becker, S. A. and Iben, I. Jr. 1979, Ap. J. 232, 831.
Article ADS Google Scholar
— 1980, Ap. J. 237, 111.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Bisiacchi, G. F., López, J. A., and Firmani, C. 1982, Astr. Ap. 107, 252.
ADS Google Scholar
Bohannan, B., Abbott, D. C., Voels, S. A., and Hummer, D. G. 1986, Ap. J. 308, 728.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Bohannan, B., Voels, S. A., Abbott, D. C., and Hummer, D. G. 1987, I.A.U. Symposium 132.
Google Scholar
Bolton, C. T. and Rogers, G. L. 1978, Ap. J. 222, 234.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Brown, P. J. F., Dufton, P. L., Lennon, D. J., Keenan, F. P., and Kilkenny, D. 1986a, Astr. Ap. 155, 113.
ADS Google Scholar
Brown, P. J. F., Dufton, P. L., Lennon, D. J., and Keenan, F. P. 1986b, M.N.R.A.S. 220, 1003.
ADS Google Scholar
Brunish, W. M. and Truran, J. W. 1982a, Ap. J. 256, 247.
Article ADS Google Scholar
— 1982b, Ap. J. Suppl. 49, 447.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Caputo, F. and Viotti, R. 1970, Astr. Ap. 7, 266.
ADS Google Scholar
Cherepashchuk, A. M., Eaton, J. A., and Khaliullin, Kh. F. 1984, Ap. J. 281, 774.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Chevalier, R. A. and Kirshner, R. P. 1978, Ap. J. 219, 931.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Conti, P. S., Leep, E. M., and Perry, D. N. 1983, Ap. J. 268, 228.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Contini, M. and Shaviv, G. 1980, Astr. Ap. 88, 117.
ADS Google Scholar
Davidson, K., Dufour, R. J., Walborn, N. R., and Gull, T. R. 1986, Ap. J. 305, 867.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Davidson, K., Walborn, N. R., and Gull, T. R. 1982, Ap. J. (Letters) 254, L47.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Dearborn, D. S. P. and Blake, J. B. 1984, Ap. J. 277, 783.
Article ADS Google Scholar
de Freitas Pacheco and Codina Landaberry 1986, Rev. Mexicana Astron. Astrof. 12, 184.
ADS Google Scholar
Dennefeld, M. 1982, Astr. Ap. 112, 215.
ADS Google Scholar
Desikachary, K. and Hearnshaw, J. B. 1982, M.N.R.A.S. 201, 707.
ADS Google Scholar
Doom, C. 1982a, Astr. Ap. 116, 303.
ADS Google Scholar
— 1982b, Astr. Ap. 116, 308.
ADS Google Scholar
Doom, C. and de Grève, J. P. 1983, Astr. Ap. 120, 97.
ADS Google Scholar
Fesen, R. A., Becker, R. H., and Blair, W. P. 1987, Ap. J. 313, 378.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Fitzpatrick, E. L. 1987, I.A.U. Symposium 132.
Google Scholar
Fransson, C., Benvenuti, P., Gordon, C., Hempe, K., Palumbo, G. G. C., Panagia, N., Reimers, D., and Wamsteker, W. 1984, Astr. Ap. 132, 1.
ADS Google Scholar
Gabriel, M. and Noels, A. 1981, Astr. Ap. 94, L1.
ADS Google Scholar
Gonzàlez, R., Wamsteker, W., Gilmozzi, R., Walborn, N., and Lauberts, A. 1987, ESO SN1987A] Workshop.
Google Scholar
Hamann, W.-R. and Schmutz, W. 1987, Astr. Ap. 174, 173.
ADS Google Scholar
Harris, M. J. and Lambert, D. L. 1984, Ap. J. 281, 739.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Hillier, D. J. 1987a, Ap. J. Suppl. 63, 947.
Article ADS Google Scholar
— 1987b, Ap. J. Suppl. 63, 965.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Humphreys, R. M. and Davidson, K. 1979, Ap. J. 232, 409.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Hutchings, J. B. and van Heteren, J. 1981, Pub. A.S.P. 93, 626.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Jaschek, M. and Jaschek, C. 1967, Ap. J. 150, 355.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Kane, L. G., McKeith, C. D., and Dufton, P. L. 1981, M.N.R.A.S. 194, 537.
ADS Google Scholar
Kenyon, S. J. and Gallagher, J. S. III 1985, Ap. J. 290, 542.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Kirshner, R. P. and Chevalier, R. A. 1980, Ap. J. (Letters) 242, L77.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Kirshner, R., Sonneborn, G., Cassatella, A., Gilmozzi, R., Wamsteker, W., and Panagia, N. 1987, I.A. U. Circ., No. 4435.
Google Scholar
Kudritzki, R. P., Groth, H. G., Butler, K., Husfeld, D., Becker, S., Eber, F., and Fitzpatrick, E. 1987, ESO SN1987A Workshop.
Google Scholar
Kudritzki, R. P., Simon, K. P., and Hamann, W. R. 1983, Astr. Ap. 118, 245.
ADS Google Scholar
Kwitter, K. B. 1981, Ap. J. 245, 154.
Article ADS Google Scholar
— 1984, Ap. J. 287, 840.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Lamb, S. A. 1978, Ap. J. 220, 186.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Lambert, D. L., Brown, J. A., Hinkle, K. H., and Johnson, H. R. 1984, Ap. J. 284, 223.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Lamers, H. J. G. L. M., de Groot, M., and Cassatella, A. 1983, Astr. Ap. 123, L8.
ADS Google Scholar
Langer, N. 1987, Astr. Ap. 171, L1.
ADS MathSciNet Google Scholar
Langer, N. and El Eid, M. F. 1986, Astr. Ap. 167, 265.
ADS Google Scholar
Leitherer, C. and Chavarría K., C. 1987, Astr. Ap. 175, 208.
ADS Google Scholar
Leitherer, C. and Zickgraf, F. J. 1987, Astr. Ap. 174, 103.
ADS Google Scholar
Lennon, D. J. and Dufton, P. L. 1986, Astr. Ap. 155, 79.
ADS Google Scholar
Luck, R. E. and Bond, H. E. 1986, Pub. A.S.P. 98, 442.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Luck, R. E. and Lambert, D. L. 1981, Ap. J. 245, 1018.
Article ADS Google Scholar
— 1985, Ap. J. 298, 782.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Luud, L. S. 1967, Soviet Astron. 11, 211
ADS Google Scholar
Lyubimkov, L. S. 1977, Astrophysics 13, 71.
Article ADS Google Scholar
— 1984, Astrophysics 20, 255.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Maeder, A. 1983, Astr. Ap. 120, 113.
ADS Google Scholar
— 1987a, Astr. Ap. 173, 247.
ADS Google Scholar
— 1987b, Astr. Ap. 178, 159.
ADS Google Scholar
Maeder, A. and Meynet, G. 1987, Astr. Ap. 182, 243.
ADS Google Scholar
Niemela, V. S., Ruiz, M. T., and Phillips, M. M. 1985, Ap. J. 289, 52.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Noels, A., Conti, P. S., Gabriel, M., and Vreux, J.-M. 1980, Astr. Ap. 92, 242.
ADS Google Scholar
Noels, A. and Gabriel, M. 1981, Astr. Ap. 101, 215.
ADS Google Scholar
Pauldrach, A., Puls, J., Hummer, D. G., and Kudritzki, R. P. 1985, Astr. Ap. 148, L1.
ADS Google Scholar
Peimbert, M. and van den Bergh, S. 1971, Ap. J. 167, 223.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Peters, G. J. and Polidan, R. S. 1984, Ap. J. 283, 745.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Prantzos, N., Doom, C., Arnould, M., and de Loore, C. 1986, Ap. J. 304, 695.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Pylyser, E., Doom, C., and de Loore, C. 1985, Astr. Ap. 148, 379.
ADS Google Scholar
Rousseau, J., Martin, N., Prévot, L., Rebeirot, E., Robin, A., and Brunet, J. P. 1978, Astr. Ap. Suppl. 31, 243.
ADS Google Scholar
Savage, B. D. and Massa, D. 1987, Ap. J. 314, 380.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Schönberner, D., Herrero, A., Becker, S., Eber, F., Butler, K., Kudritzki, R. P., and Simon, K. P. 1987, Astr. Ap., in press.
Google Scholar
Shore, S. N. and Sanduleak, N. 1983, Ap. J. 273, 177.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Shore, S. N., Sanduleak, N., and Allen, D. A. 1987, Astr. Ap. 176, 59.
ADS Google Scholar
Smith, L. F. and Hummer, D. G. 1987, preprint.
Google Scholar
Smith, L. J. and Willis, A. J. 1982, M.N.R.A.S. 201, 451.
ADS Google Scholar
— 1983, Astr. Ap. Suppl. 54, 229.
ADS Google Scholar
Stahl O.1986, Astr. Ap. 164, 321 and 170, 197.
ADS Google Scholar
—1987, Astr. Ap. 182, 229.
ADS Google Scholar
Stahl, O. and Wolf, B. 1986a, Astr. Ap. 154, 243.
ADS Google Scholar
— 1986b, Astr. Ap. 158, 371.
ADS Google Scholar
Stahl, O., Wolf, B., Klare, G., Cassatella, A., Krautter, J., Persi, P., and Ferrari-Toniolo, M. 1983, Astr. Ap. 127, 49.
ADS Google Scholar
Stothers, R. and Chin, C. W. 1979, Ap. J. 233, 267.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Talent, D. L. and Dufour, R. J. 1979, Ap. J. 233, 888.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Thackeray, A. D. 1971, M.N.R.A.S. 154, 103.
ADS Google Scholar
— 1977, M.N.R.A.S. 180, 95.
ADS Google Scholar
Torres, A. V. 1987, preprint.
Google Scholar
Vanbeveren, D. 1982, Astr. Ap. 105, 260.
ADS Google Scholar
— 1983, Astr. Ap. 119, 239.
ADS Google Scholar
Vanbeveren, D. and Doom, C. 1980, Astr. Ap. 87, 77.
ADS Google Scholar
van den Bergh, S. and Kamper, K. W. 1977, Ap. J. 218, 617.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Viotti, R., Cassatella, A., Ponz, D., and The, P. S. 1987, Astr. Ap., in press.
Google Scholar
Walborn, N. R. 1970, Ap. J. (Letters) 161, L149.
Article ADS Google Scholar
— 1971, Ap. J. (Letters) 164, L67.
Article ADS Google Scholar
— 1972, Ap. J. (Letters) 176, L119.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Walborn, N. R.1973, A. J. 78, 1067.
Article ADS Google Scholar
— 1974, Ap. J. 189, 269.
Article ADS Google Scholar
— 1976, Ap. J. 205, 419.
Article ADS Google Scholar
— 1977, Ap. J. 215, 53.
Article ADS Google Scholar
— 1980, Ap. J. Suppl. 44, 535.
Article ADS Google Scholar
— 1982, Ap. J. 256, 452.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Walborn, N. R., Lasker, B. M., Laidler, V. G., and Chu, Y.-H. 1987, Ap. J. (Letters) 321, L41.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Walborn, N. R. and Nichols-Bohlin, J. 1987, Pub. A.S.P. 99, 40.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Walborn, N. R., Nichols-Bohlin, J., and Panek, R. J. 1985, International Ultraviolet Explorer Atlas of 0-Type Spectra from 1200 to 1900 Å, NASA RP-1155.
Google Scholar
Walborn, N. R. and Panek, R. J. 1985, Ap. J. 291, 806.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Wamsteker, W., Gilmozzi, R., Cassatella, A., and Panagia, N. 1987, I.A. U. Circ., No. 4410.
Google Scholar
Willis, A. J. 1982, I.A.U. Symposium 99, p. 87.
Google Scholar
Winkler, P. F. and Kirshner, R. P. 1985, Ap. J. 299, 981.
Article ADS Google Scholar
Wolf, B., Appenzeller, I., and Stahl, O. 1981, Astr. Ap. 103, 94.
ADS Google Scholar
Wolf, B., Stahl, O., Smolinski, J., and Cassatella, A. 1987, Astr. Ap., in press.
Google Scholar
Wollaert, J. P. M., Lamers, H. J. G. L. M., and de Jager, C. 1987, Astr. Ap., in press.
Google Scholar

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive Baltimore, 21218, Maryland
Nolan R. Walborn

Authors

Nolan R. Walborn
View author publications
You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Ken'ichi Nomoto

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

About this paper

Cite this paper

Walborn, N.R. (1988). Evolutionary helium and cno anomalies in the atmospheres and winds of massive hot stars. In: Nomoto, K. (eds) Atmospheric Diagnostics of Stellar Evolution: Chemical Peculiarity, Mass Loss, and Explosion. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol 305. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0034558

Download citation

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0034558
Published: 24 June 2005
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-19478-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-39282-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics