Abstract
One-hundred and eleven cultivars of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) representative of a large portion of the genetic diversity present in the world’s improved durum wheat gene pool were grown two seasons in a field with natural inoculum sources of soil-borne cereal mosaic virus (SBCMV) near Bologna (Italy). The materials were evaluated for resistance on the basis of symptom severity expression and Sbcmv concentration in leaves according to Das (double antibody sandwich) ELISA. Among the cultivars screened, two-year overall means ranged from 0.1 to 3.2 for symptom severity (on a 0 to 4 scale) and from 0.036 to 1.702 for ELISA absorbance values. Thirty-five cultivars showed relatively low ELISA values and very mild symptoms in both seasons. These relatively more resistant entries included cultivar Edmore and twelve of its derivatives, independently bred in Canada, France, Italy and the U.S. Twenty-one entries consistently gave ELISA values and symptom scores higher than that of cultivar Grazia, the susceptible control. Because of their extreme reactions to Sbcmv and wide adaptability, a number of the cultivars tested should prove useful for investigating the existence of pathotypes within SBCMV, and of diverse cultivar responses in regard to Furoviruses until recently considered as belonging to the same species, namely soil-borne wheat mosaic virus (SBWMV) and Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV).
Zusammenfassung
In zweijährigen Versuchen wurden 111 Sorten von Hartweizen (Triticum durum Desf.), die einen großen Teil des verfügbaren Genpools repräsentieren, unter natürlichen Bedingungen auf Resistenz gegenüber dem Bodenbürtigen Getreidemosaikvirus (SBCMV) getestet. Der Anbau der Pflanzen erfolgte auf einem SBCMV-Befallsstandort in der Nähe von Bologna. Die Intensität der Symptomausprägung und die mit Hilfe des DAS-ELISA bestimmte Viruskonzentration in den Blättern dienten als Bewertungskriterien. Im Durchschnitt der beiden Jahre ergaben sich für die Sorten Boniturnoten zwischen 0.1 und 3.2 für die Symptomstärke (auf einer Skala von 0 bis 4) und Extinktionswerte zwischen 0.036 und 1.702. Insgesamt 31 Sorten wiesen höhere Extinktionswerte und Symptomstärke auf als der anfällige Standard „Grazia“; 35 Sorten zeigten dagegen deutliche Resistenz. Zu ihnen gehörten die Sorte „Edmore“ und 12 ihrer Abkömmlinge, die als Sorten unabhängig voneinander in Kanada, Frankreich, Italien und den Usa gezüchtet wurden. Die beobachteten großen Anfälligkeitsunterschiede der Sorten eröffnen die Möglichkeit, die Pathogenität bzw. Virulenz von Isolaten des SBCMV, des Bodenbürtigen Weizenmosaikvirus (SBWMV) und des Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) vergleichend zu prüfen.
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Ratti, C., Rubies-Autonell, C., Maccaferri, M. et al. Reaction of 111 cultivars of Triticum durum Desf. from some the world’s main genetic pools to soil-borne cereal mosaic virus. J Plant Dis Prot 113, 145–149 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356171
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356171
Keywords
- durum wheat
- Edmore
- Elisa
- Polymyxa graminis Led.
- resistance
- soil-borne cereal mosaic virus
- soil-borne wheat mosaic virus