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Chronic fatigue and indicators of long-term employment disability in psychosomatic inpatients

Chronische Müdigkeit und Indikatoren der Langzeitarbeitsunfähigkeit bei stationären psychosomatischen Patienten

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Zusammenfassung

Das Hauptziel dieser Studie war, Indikatoren der Langzeitarbeitsunfähigkeit bei chronischer Müdigkeit zu ermitteln. Zu diesem Zweck wurde eine Querschnittuntersuchung einer randomisierten Stichprobe (n=1000, Responderquote 83,9%) aus Patienten einer Psychosomatischen Fachklinik durchgeführt. In 51,1% der Fälle (n=429) wurde eine zum Erhebungszeitpunkt als stark erlebte andauernde Erschöpfung gefunden. Sie stand ohne nachvollziehbare Relation zu tatsächlich vollbrachten Anstrengungen. 159 (37,1%) Patienten dieser Gruppe waren arbeitsunfähig. Sie bildeten die Hauptzielgruppe dieser Untersuchung. Signifikant (P jeweils<0,01) mehr Patienten der Zielgruppe arbeiteten stundenweise, waren überproportional lange arbeitsunfähig (50,9% aller Arbeitsunfähigen mehr als 6 Monate im letzten Jahr) und fühlten sich durch Konflikte mit den Vorgesetzten und/oder Kollegen belastet. Sie klagten häufiger über körperliche Beschwerden, wiesen jedoch keine signifikant häufigere Komorbidität mit psychischen Störungen auf. Subjektiv fühlten sich jedoch nicht die arbeitsfähigen Patienten mit chronischer Müdigkeit mehr belastet, sondern diejenigen, die geringeren Belastungen ausgesetzt waren. Diese hatten im Vergleich zu den Patienten, die arbeitsfähig waren, eine stärkere Fixierung auf somatische Beschwerden, keine adäquate Wahrnehmung von körperlichen und psychischen Empfindungen sowie Schwierigkeiten mit anderen Menschen und mit einer geregelten Tätigkeit zurechtzukommen (P jeweils <0,01). Eine zukünftige prospektive Untersuchung dieser Indiktoren könnte zur Formulierung von Prädiktorvariablen führen, die bei chronischer Müdigkeit Langzeitarbeitsunfähigkeit voraussagen, deren Berücksichtigung zu einer rechtzeitigen sozialmedizinischen Einschätzung und Behandlung beitragen könnte.

Summary

The major goal of this study was to determine indictors of long-term disability for psychosomatic inpatients with chronic fatigue syndrome. To this end, a cross-sectional study was performed with a random sample of patients (n=1000, response rate: 83.9%) at a psychosomatic inpatient clinic. 51.1% of the patients (n=429) reported intensely persistent exhaustion that had no logical relation to actual exertion. 159 (37.1%) patients in this group were disabled from working and these comprised the main target group of this study. Significantly more patients in the target group worked part time, were disabled for a disproportionately long period of time (50.9% of all were disabled for more than 6 months in the previous year), and felt stressed because of conflicts with their superiors and/or colleagues (in each case, P<0.01). While more frequent psychological comorbidity was not found, they reported physical complaints more often. It was not the patients fit for work who felt more burdened with chronic fatigue, but rather the employment-disabled, who were actually exposed to fewer demands. These patients had, in comparison with those fit to work, a stronger fixation on somatic complaints, inadequate perception of physical and psychic sensations, difficulties getting along with other people and in coping with a regular job (in each case, P<0.01). Prospective examination of these indicators could help detect predictor variables for long-term disability in chronic fatigue. Such predictors could contribute to timely social-medical assessment and treatment.

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Correspondence to Marius Nickel.

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Tritt, K., Nickel, M., Mitterlehner, F. et al. Chronic fatigue and indicators of long-term employment disability in psychosomatic inpatients. Wien Klin Wochenschr 116, 182–189 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03040485

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