Skip to main content
Log in

The clinical importance of the sympathetic nervous system in Graves’ disease

  • Published:
Irish Journal of Medical Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

References

  • Allen, J. A., Lowe, D. C., Roddie, I. C. and Wallace, W. F. M. 1973. Studies on sweating in clinical and experimental thyrotoxicosis. Clin. Sci. Mol., Med. 45, 765.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aoki, V. S., Wilson, W. R. and Theilen, E. O. 1972. Studies on the reputed augmentation of the cardlovascular effects of the catecholamines in patients with spontaneous hyperthyroydism. J. Pharmac. Exp. Ther. 181, 362.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aoki, V. S., Wilson, W. R., Thellen, E. O., Lukensmeyer, W. W. and Leverton, P. E. 1967. The effects of tri-iodothyronine on hemodynamic responses to epinephrine and norepinephrine in man. J. Pharmac. exp. Ther. 157, 62.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brick, I., Hutchison, K. J., McDevitt, D. G., Roddie, I. C. and Shanks, R. G. 1968. comparison of the effects of I.C.I. 50, 172 and propranolol on the cardicvascular responses to adrenaline, isoprenaline and exercise. Br. J. Pharmac. 34, 127.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Buckle, R. M. 1968. Treatment of thyroid crisis by beta-adrenergic blockade. Acta endocrin. 57, 168.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Calroli, V. J. and Crcut, J. R. 1967. Role of the autonomic nervous system in the resting tachycardia of experimental hyperthyroldism. J. Pharmac. exp. Ther. 158, 55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carruthers, S. G., Ghosal, A., McDevitt, D. G., Nelson, J. K. and Shanks, R. G. 1974. The assessment of β-adrenoceptor blocking drugs in hyperthyroidism. Br. J. Clin. Pharmac. 1, 93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carruthers, S. G., Shanks, R. G. and McDevitt, D. G. 1976. Intrinsic heart rate on exercise and β-adrenoceptor blockade. Br. J. Clin. Pharmac. 3, 991.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cleaveland, C. R., Rangno, R. E. and Shand, D. G. 1972. A standardised isoproterenol sensitivity test. Arch. int. Med. 130, 47.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crile, G. 1929. Interdependence of thyrcid, adrenals and nervous system. Am. J. Surg. 6, 616.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cullhed, I. and Parrow, A. 1968. Acute hemodynamic changes following bata-adrenergic blockade in hyperthyroidism. Acta med. Scand. 184, 235.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Das, G. and Krieger, M. 1969. Treatment of thyrotoxic storm with intravenous administration of propranolol. Arch. int. Med. 70, 985.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dratman, M. B. 1974. On the mechanism of action of thyroxine, an amino acid alalog of tyrosine. J. Theor. Biol. 46, 255.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dunlop, D. and Shanks, R. G. 1968. Selective blockade of adrenoceptive beta receptors in the heart. Br. J. Pharmac. 32, 201.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Galaburda, M., Rosman, N. P. and Haddow, J. E. 1974. Thyroid storm in an 11-year old boy managed by propranolol. Pediatrics 53, 920.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • George, C. F., Conolly, M. E., Fenyvesi, T., Briant, R. and Dollery, C. T. 1972. Intravenously administered isoproterenol sulphate dose-response curves in man. Arch int. Med. 130, 361.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Georges, L. P., Santangelo, R. P., Macklin, J. F. and Canary, J. J. 1975. Metabolic effects of propranolol in thyrotoxicosis. I. Nitrogen, Calcium and Hydroxyproline. Metabolism 24, 11.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goetsch, E. 1918. Adrenaline hypersentitiveness in clinical states of hyperthyroidism. N. Y. State J. Med. 18, 259.

    Google Scholar 

  • Granville-Grossman, K. L. and Turner, P. 1966. The effect of propranolol on anxiety. Lancet i, 788.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Graves, R. J. 1832. On clinical instruction: with a comparative estimate of the mode in which it is conducted in the British and Continental Schools. London Med. Gaz. 10, 401.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graves, R. J. 1835. London Med. Surg. J. 7, 516.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graves, R. J. 1843. Clinical lectures on the practice of medicine. 1st Edition. London, New Sydenham Soc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grossman, W., Robin, N. I., Johnson, L. W., Brooks, H., Selenkon, H. A. and Dexter, L. 1971. Effects of beta blockade on the peripheral manifestations of thyrotoxicosis. Ann. int. Med. 74, 875.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hadden, D. R., Bell, T. K., McDevitt, D. G., Shanks, R. G., Montgomery, D. A. D. and Weaver, J. A. 1989. Propranolol and the utilisation of radiolodine by the human thyroid gland. Acta endocrin. 61, 393.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hadden, D. R. and McDevitt, D. G. 1974. Environmental stress and thyrotoxicosis: absence of association. Lancet ii, 577.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hadden, D. R., Montgomery, D. A. D., Shanks, R. G. and Weaver, J. A. 1968. Propranolol and lodire-131 in the management of thyrotoxicosis. Lancet ii, 852.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Howe, H. and Shanks, R. G. 1986. Optical isomers of propranolol. Nature, Lond. 210, 1336.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Howitt, G. and Rowlands, D. J. 1966. Bata-sympathetic blockade in hyperthyroidism. Lancet ii, 628.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Howitt, G., Rowlands, D. J. fi Yeung, D. V. T. and Logan, W. F. W. G. 1968. Myocardial contractility and the effects of beta-adrenergic blockade in hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Clin. Sci 34, 485.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jaboulay, M. cited by Poncet, M. A. 1897. Le traitement chirurgical du goitre exophthalmique par la section on la resection duesympathique cervical. Bull. Acad. Med. 38, 121.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jose, A. D. 1966. Effect of combined sympathetic and parasympathetic blockade on heart rate and cardiac function in man. Am. J. Cardicl. 18, 476.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kelly, J. G. and McDevitt, D. G. 1977. Unpublished observations.

  • Lee, T. C., Coffey, R. J., Mackin, J., Cobb, M., Routon, J. and Canary, J. J. 1973. The use of propranolol in the surgical treatment of thyrotoxic patients. Ann. Surg. 177, 643.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Levey, G. S. 1971. Catecholamine sensitivity, thyrold hormone and the heart: A re-evaluation. Am. J. Med. 50, 413.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Levey, G. S. and Epstein, S. E. 1969. Myocardial adenyl cyclase: Activation by thyrold hormones and evidence for two adenyl cyclase systems. J. Clin. Invest. 48, 1663.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Levine, R. J., Oates, J. A., Vendsalu, A. and Sjoerdsma, A. 1962. Studies on the metabolism of aromatic amines in relation to altered thyroid function. J. Clin. Endocr. Metab. 22, 1242.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lyons, H. A. 1973. Violence in Belfast: a review of the psychological effects. Community Health 5, 163.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McDevitt, D. G. 1977. Beta-adrenoceptor blockade in hyperthyroidism, in Advanced Medicine: Topics in Therapeutics III, edited by R. G. Shanks, Pitman Medical. London, pp. 100–115.

    Google Scholar 

  • McDevitt, D. G., Riddell, J. G., Hadden, D. R. and Montgomery, D. A. D. 1977. Unpublished observations.

  • McDevitt, D. G. and Shanks, R. G. 1977. β-adrenergic receptor blocking drugs in hyperthyroidism, in Current Drug Reviews: Cardiology, Adis Press. In press.

  • McDevitt, D. G., Shanks, R. G., Hadden, D. R., Montgomery, D. A. D. and Weaver, J. A. 1968. The role of the thyroid gland in the control of heart rate. Lancet i, 998.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McLean, A. G. 1967. Adrenergic beta-blockade in thyrotoxic crisis. Med. J. Austral. 1, 229.

    Google Scholar 

  • Margolius, H. S. and Gaffney, T. E. 1965. Effects of injected norepineephrine and sympathetic nerve stimulation in hypothyroid and hyperthyroid dogs. J. Pharmac. exp. Ther. 149, 329.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marsden, C. D., Gimiette, T. M. D., McAllister, R. G., Owen, D. A. L. and Miller, T. N. 1968. Effect of ß-adrenergic blockade on finger tremor and Achilles reflex time in anxious and thyrotoxic patients. Acta endocrin. 57, 353.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Michel, R., Klepping, J., Tron-Loisel, H. and Truchot, R. 1963. Syntheses et activites biologiques de certains derives thyroxiniens et adrenergiques—I. Synthese des monoiodo-3-et di iodo 3: 5-synephrines et des di iodo-3: 5 et des triiodo-3: 5: 3-thyroadrenalines. Biochem. Pharmacol. 12, 717.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Michel, R., Klepping, J., Tron-Loisel, H. and Truchot, R. 1963. Syntheses et activities blologiques de certains derives thyroxiniens et adrenergiques—II. Etude experimentale des actions au riveau du coeur, des vaisseaux et de la musculature lisse de l’intestin des monoiodo-3-et dilodo-3: 5-synephrines et des dliodo-3: 5-et triiodo-3: 5-3′-thyroadrenalines. Biochem. Pharmacol. 12, 729.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Michel, R., Klepping, J., Truchot, R. and Tron-Loisel, H. 1963. Syntheses et activities biologiques de certains derives thyroxiniens et adrenergiques—III. Etude experimentale de certains effects endocriniens et generaux des monoiodo-3 et dilodo-3:5 synephrines et des diiodo-3: 5-et triiodo-3:5:3′-thyroadrenalines. Biochem. Pharmacol. 12, 741.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Michie, W., Hamer-Hodges, D. W., Pegg, C. A. S., Orr, F. G. G. and Bewsher, P. D. 1974. Betablockade and partial thyroidectomy for thyrotoxicosis. Lancet i, 1010.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murchison, L. E., Bewsher, P. D., Chesters, M. I. and Ferrier, W. R. 1976. Comparison of propranolol and practolol in the management of hyperthyroidism. Br. J. Clin. Pharmac. 3, 273.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, J. C. and McDevitt, D. G. 1975. Comparative trial of propranolol and practolol in hyperthyroidism. Br. J. Clin. Prarmac. 2, 411.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parry, C. H. 1825. Collections from the Unpublished Medical Writings, Vol. II, Underwoods, London, pp. 111.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parsons, V. and Jewitt, D. 1967. Beta-adrenergic blockade in the management of acute thyrotoxic crisis, tachycardia and arrhythmias. Postgrad. Med. J. 43, 756.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramsay, I., Greer, S. and Bagley, C. 1973. Propranolol in neurotic and thyrotoxic anxiety. Br. J. Psychiat. 122, 555.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schelling, J. L., Scazziga, B., Dufour, R. J., Milinkovic, N. and Weber, A. A. 1973. Effect of pindolol, a beta receptor antagonist, in hyperthyroidism. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 14, 158.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schneckloth, R. E., Kurland, G. S. and Freedberg, A. S. 1953. Effect of variation in thyroid function on the pressor response to norepinephrine in man. Metabolism 2, 546.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shanks, R. G., Hadder, D. R., Lowe, D. C., McDevitt, D. G. and Montgomery, D. A. D. 1969. Controlled trial of propranolol in thyrotoxiccsis. Lancet i, 993.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sneddon, J. M. and Turner, P. 1966. Adrenergic blockade and the eye sigins of thyrotoxicosis. Lancet ii, 525.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stroffer, S. S., Jiang, N-S., Gorman, C. A. and Pilker, M. 1973. Plasma catecholamines in hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. J. Clin. Endocrin. Metab. 36, 587.

    Google Scholar 

  • Toft, A. D., Irvine, W. J. and Campbell, R. W. F. 1976. Assessment by continuous cardiac monitoring of minimum duration of pre-operative propranolol treatment in thyrotoxic patients. Clin. Endocrin. 5, 195.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Turner, P. 1974. β-adrenergic receptor blocking drugs in hyperthyroidism. Drugs. 7, 48.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Turner, P., Granville-Grossman, L. L. and Smart, J. V. 1965. Effect of adrenergic receptor blockade on the tachycardia of thyrotoxicosis and anxiety state. Lancet ii, 1316.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van der Shoot, J. B. and Moran, N. C. 1965. An experimental evaluation of the reported influence of thyroxine on the cardiovascular effects of catecholamines. J. Pharmac. exp. Ther. 149, 336.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wade, O. L. 1968. The computer and drug prescribing, in Computers in the service of medicine, edited by G. McLachlan and R. A. Shegog, London, p. 153.

  • Wiener, L., Stout, B. D. and Cox, J. W. 1969. Influence of beta sympathetic blockade (propranolol) on the hemodynamics of hyperthyroidism. Am. J. Med. 46, 227.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, W. R., Theilin, E. O., Hege, J. H. and Valenca, M. R. 1966. Effects of beta adrenergic receptor blockade in normal subjects before, during and after triiodo-thyronine induced hypermetabolism. J. Clin. Invest. 45, 1159.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wurtman, R. J., Kopin, I. J. and Axelrod, J. 1963. Thyroid function and disposition of catecholamines. Endocrinology 73, 63.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

The Graves’ Lecture, 1977.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

McDevitt, D.G. The clinical importance of the sympathetic nervous system in Graves’ disease. Ir J Med Sci 146, 353–364 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03030990

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03030990

Keywords

Navigation