Abstract
The effects of atropine and glycopyrrolate on anatomical dead space, one and three second forced expiratory volume, maximal expiratory flow rate, and total forced expiratory volume were determined in ten healthy volunteers. Using Fowler’s single breath nitrogen analyzing technique, atropine was found to increase dead space by 19.2 per cent at one hour, declining to 11.02 per cent at four hours. Glycopyrrolate increased dead space by 21.57 per cent at one hour, 29.28 per cent at two hours, and 26.65 per cent at four hours. When compared to the effects of saline control injection, the dead space increases are significant. The difference between glycopyrrolate and atropine is significant only at four hours. Increases in maximal expiratory flow rate induced by atropine and glycopyrrolate were significant at one-half hour, while atropine alone induced a significant increase in one second forced expiratory volume. Three second forced expiratory volume and total forced expiratory volume were not significantly altered.
Résumé
Le retentissement de l’administration d’atropine et de glycopyrrolate sur l’espace mort anatomique, le volume expiratoire maximal après une et trois secondes, le débit expiratoire maximal et le volume total maximal expiré a été étudié sur dix volontaires en bonne santé. En utilisant la technique d’analyse à l’azote de Fowler, la mesure de l’espace mort après atropine montrait une augmentation de 19.2 pour cent après une heure et de 11.02 après quatre heures. Avec la glycopyrrolate, l’espace mort a augmenté de 21.57 pour cent à la première heure, 29.28 pour cent à la deuxième heure et de 26.65 pour cent à la quatrième heure. Lorsque comparée au contrôle obtenu par l’injection de soluté physiologique, l’augmentation de l’espace mort était significative. La différence entre le glycopyrrolate et 1’atropine n’a été significative qu’à la quatriéme heure. L’augmentation du débit expiratoire maximal produite par 1’atropine et le glycopyrrolate a été significative après trente minutes, alors que 1’atropine seule a provoqué une augmentation du volume expiratoire maximal une seconde. Le volume expiratoire maximal trois secondes et le volume total maximal expiré n’ont pas ete altérés de façon significative.
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Gotta, A.W., Ray, C., Sullivan, C.A. et al. Anatomical dead space and airway resistance after glycopyrrolate or atropine premedication. Canad. Anaesth. Soc. J. 28, 51–54 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03007290
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03007290