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Effect of rapid and gradual increase of osmotic stress on survival of entomopathogenic nematodes

  • Nematology
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Abstract

The effect of rapid and gradual exposure of entomopathogenic nematodes to osmotic stresses on the induction of a dormant state was determined with the nematodeSteinernema feltiae IS-6 infective juveniles (IJs). Rapid exposure of nematodes to glycerol at concentrations of 24% and 28% (w/w) caused the nematodes to enter a dormant state which was characterized by shrinking and impeded motility of all nematodes within 8 h. However, pre-exposure to gradually increasing glycerol concentrations of 5%, 10% and 18% at 4-h intervals resulted in dormancy after 4 h exposure to 24% glycerol. The total time of exposure to glycerol solution was 16 h in gradual osmotic stress. For nematodes exposed to 24% glycerol solution either rapidly or gradually, recovery occurred after 40 min in distilled water. Infectivity of osmotically stressedS. feltiae IJs was evaluated by two criteria, insect mortality and invasion rate. The assays indicated that infectivity of nematodes desiccated by rapid and gradual osmotic stresses was similar to that of fresh nematodes. Rapid exposure ofS. carpocapsae ‘All’,S. riobravis ‘Texas’,S. glaseri ‘NI’ andHeterorhabditis bacteriophora HP88 IJs to the 24% glycerol solution resulted in dormancy within 8 h. These treatments caused mortality of 48.4% and 11.7% amongS. glaseri Nl andH. bacteriophora HP88 IJs, respectively. Similar effects were observed when these nematode species were exposed to increasing osmotic stress of 5%, 10% and 18% at 6-h intervals. Under these same conditions, mortality ofH. bacteriophora HP88 andS. glaseri Nl IJs was 27.5% and 61.8%, respectively.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Nematology, ARO, The Volcani Center, 50250, Bet Dagan, Israel

    Songbi Chen & Itamar Glazer

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  1. Songbi Chen
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  2. Itamar Glazer
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Correspondence to Songbi Chen.

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http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Sept. 29, 2004.

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Chen, S., Glazer, I. Effect of rapid and gradual increase of osmotic stress on survival of entomopathogenic nematodes. Phytoparasitica 32, 486–497 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02980443

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