Skip to main content
Log in

The educational uses of intermedia

  • Published:
Journal of Computing in Higher Education Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

THIS ESSAY discusses the use of Intermedia as an educational tool. After briefly describing the kinds of educational problems the software was intended to address, we shall survey some of the materials created using Intermedia and compare how the tools have been used in a variety of educational contexts. Based on this survey and our own experience as Intermedia authors and editors, we will offer some conclusions concerning the effectiveness of the Intermedia tools themselves. An annotated bibliography lists relevant IRIS technical papers and publications by Intermedia users.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Bibliography

  • Beeman, W. O., K. T. A. Bader, Bader, G., Larkin, J., McClard, A. P., McQuillan, P.J., &Shields, M. (1989).Hypertext and pluralism: From lineal to nonlineal thinking.Hypertext ’87 Papers. (pp. 67–88). New York: ACM. (Summarizes the anthropological study ofContext32 andBiology 106 during 1985–87.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Coover, R. (1992). The end of books.The New York Times Book Review, June 21, 1992,pp. 1, 23–25.

  • Ess, C. (1990a).Courseware review of intermedia.Computers and the Humanities, 24,324–329.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ess, C. (1990b).Intermedia—Brown university’s hypermedia program for macintoshes.Bits & Bytes Review 2,1–16. (These are software reviews, the latter being much longer and containing good illustrations from Ess’s collections.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ess, C. (1991). Paths through space and time: Hypermedia and telecommunications in a honors course.Humanities Education 7. (Discusses use of Intermedia in Ess’s honors course.)

  • Haitto, H. (1990). Towards portable hypertext: A plan of attack, IPLab-23, TRITA-NA-P9008.Interaction and Presentation Laboratory (IPLAB), Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden. (Contains examples drawn fromExploring the Moon.)

  • IRIS (1987).Linking to learning.Videotape, 28 minutes. (Video program describing the use of Intermedia by Landow and Heywood for teaching during 1986–87)

  • IRIS (1992).Intermedia: A retrospective. Videotape, 53 minutes.New York:ACM Publications. (Video program containing a full demonstration of the research version of Intermedia, produced for the Hypertext ’91 conference, including examples of teaching materials)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kahn, P. (1991).Linking together books: Experiments in adapting published material into intermedia documents. InG. P. Landow &P. Delany (Eds.).Hypermedia and literary studies, (pp.221–256)Cambridge MA:The MIT Press. (Describes the Chinese Literature collection, with numerous illustrations.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kahn, P. (1990).Joining the network of ideas: the impact of digital information on the organization of knowledge.The Annual Review of Communications and Society 2,1–57. (This essay on hypermedia and information retrieval issues includes examples and illustrations drawn from the NASA/Space collection.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kahn, P., Launhardt, J., Lenk, K., &Peters, R. (1990).Design of hypermedia publications: Issues and solutions.EP90: Proceedings of the International Conference on Electronic Publishing, Document Manipulation, and Typography.Richard Furuta, (Ed.). (pp.107–124).Cambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press. (Discusses the graphic design issues involved in the creation ofExploring the Moon andThe Dickens Web with illustrations from these collections andContext32.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Killough, R.L. (1990). Hypertext interchange with the dexter model: Intermedia to KMS.M. A. thesis.Department of Computer Science, Texas A&M University. (Includes illustrations from the Intermedia tutorial materials.)

  • Landow, G.P. (1987).Context32: Using hypermedia to teach literature.Proceedings of the 1987 IBM Academic Information Systems University AEP Conference.Milford, Connecticut:IBM Academic Information Systems.

    Google Scholar 

  • Landow, G.P. (1989a).Hypertext in literary education, criticism, and scholarship.Computers and the Humanities 23,173–198.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Landow, G.P. (1989b). Course assignments using hypertext: The example of intermedia.Journal of Research on Computing in Education,349–65.

  • Landow, G.P. (1990a).Hypertext and collaborative work: The example of intermedia. InJ. Galegher, R. Kraut andC. Egido, (Eds.)Intellectual teamwork: Social and technological foundations of cooperative work (407–428)Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1990. (Includes examples from Context32 and The “In Memoriam” Web.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Landow, G.P. (1990b).Popular fallacies about hypertext. InD. Jonassen andH. Mandl (Eds.).Designing Hypermedia for Learning, (pp.39–59)Heidelberg:Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Landow, G.P. (1991a).Connected images: Hypermedia and the future of art historical studies. InMay Katzen (Ed.).Scholarship and Technology in the Humanities. (pp.77–94).London:Bowker-Saur, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  • Landow, G.P. (1991b).The rhetoric of hypermedia: Some rules for authors. InP. Delany andG. P. Landow (Eds).Hypermedia and Literary Studies, (pp.81–104).Cambridge, MA:The MIT Press, 1991. Revised from Journal of Computing in Higher Education 1 (1989): 39–64. (Includes screen shots from Context32, In Memoriam, and Biology 106.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Landow, G.P. (1992a).Bootstrapping hypertext: student-created documents, intermedia, and the social creation of knowledge. InEdward Barrett (Ed.).The Social Creation of Knowledge.Cambridge:MIT Press. (Includes examples from Context34.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Landow, G.P. (1992b).Hypertext, metatext and the electronic canon. InMyron Tuman (Ed.).Literacy online: The promise (and peril) of reading with computers.Pittsburgh:University of Pittsburgh Press. (Previously available as IRIS Technical Report 90-4. Brown University, Providence, RI, 1990.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Landow, G.P. (1992c).Hypertext: The convergence of contemporary critical theory and technology.Baltimore:Johns Hopkins University Press. (Includes examples from Context 32, Context 34, the Dickens and “In Memoriam” Webs.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Landow, G.P. &Delany, P. (1991).Hypertext, hypermedia and literary studies: The state of the art. InP. Delany andG. Landow (eds.).Hypermedia and Literary Studies. (pp.3–50). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  • Landow, G. P. &Weissman, G. (1991).What publishers need to know about the hypermedia textbook: The example of the intermedia emblem web.Elekroniske bøker—Multimedia oppslagsverk. (pp.63–82).Bergen:Norwegian Computing Centre for the Humanities.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peters, R. (1990). Sensory extension of graphic design,MFA Thesis, Rhode Island School of Design. (Includes illustrations from Exploring the Moon and The Dickens Web.)

  • Yankelovich, N., Landow, G.P., &Cody, D. (1987).Creating hypermedia materials for english literature students.SIGCUE Outlook, 19,12–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yankelovich, N., Landow, G.P., &Heywood, P. (1987).Designing hypermedia “ideabases”—The intermedia experience.Technical Report 87-4.IRIS,Brown University,Providence, RI. (Includes examples from Context32 and Biology 106.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yankelovich, N., Haan, B J., Meyrowitz, N., &Drucker, S. M. (1988).Intermedia: The concept and the construction of a seamless information environment.IEEE Computer, 21,81–96. (Includes examples from Context32 and Biology 106.)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

ABOUT THE AUTHORS

Julie Launhardt was assistant project manager at the Institute for Research in Information and Scholarship from 1989–1991. During that time she co-edited, with Paul Kahn, two Intermedia publications:Exploring the Moon andThe Dickens Web. She also co-authored a paper on hypermedia templates that was presented at the Hypertext ’91 conference. Currently, she is employed by the Boeing Commercial Airplane Group in Everett, Washington.

Paul Kahn, director of Brown University’s Institute for Research in Information and Scholarship, has worked with a variety of text processing systems and full-text databases, including the development of Intermedia. His writings on information and computer technology have appeared in leading journals on the subject. Mr. Kahn’s most recent book isFrom Memex to Hypertext: Vannevar Bush and Mind’s Machine, published by Academic Press in 1991.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Launhardt, J., Kahn, P. The educational uses of intermedia. J. Comput. High. Educ. 4, 50–87 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02940980

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02940980

Keywords

Navigation