Abstract
Oil concentration and fatty acid composition were determined in achenes of two annual Helianthus species (112 populations) and 11 perennial species (103 populations) from the Great Lakes region and the Central Great Plains of the U.S. The highest average oil concentration was observed in annualH. petiolaris Nutt. with 28.8%, followedbyH. annuus L. with 25.4%. Among the perennial species,H. hirsutus Raf. had the highest average oil concentration with 29.8%. The highest average palmitic (C16: 0) andstearic (C18:0) fatty acids were observed inH. tuberosus L. (6.5 and 3.5%, respectively), while the lowest values were observed inH. pauciflorus Nutt. ssp.subrhomboideus (4.2 and 2.1, respectively). The highest oleic acid (CI8:1) was observed inH. annuus (24.7%) and the highest linoleic (C18:2) was observed inH. pumilus Nutt. with 71.3%. Sufficient variability appears to be present in the wild species for enhancement of oil and fatty acid characteristics for cultivated sunflower.
Résumé
La concentratión de aceite y la composición del ácido graso fueron determinados en aquenios de dos especies deHelianthus anuales (112 poblaciones) y 11 especies perennes (103 poblaciones) procedentes de la región de los Grandes Lagos y de las Grandes Planicies Centrales de los EE. UU. El promedio mayor de concentración de aceite se observó en la anual H. petiolaris Nutt. con 28, 8%, seguida porH. annuus L. con 25, 4%. Entre las especies perennes, laH. hirsutus Raf. tuvo el promedio mayor de concentratión de aceite con 29, 8%. El promedio mayor de concentratión de ácidos grasos, palmítico (C16?0) y esteárico (C 18?0) fueron observados en laH. tuberosus L. (6, 5% y 3, 5%, respectivamente), mientras los valores más bajos fueron observados en laH. pauciflorus Nutt. ssp. subrhomboideus (4, 2 y 2, 1, respectivamente). El mayor ácido oléico (C18?l) se observó en laH. annuus (24, 7%) y el mayor ácido linoléico (C18?2) se observó en laH. pumilus Nutt. con 71, 3%. Parece haber suficiente variabilidad en las especies silvestres, para lograr un mejoramiento de las características de aceite y ácido graso del girasol cultivado.
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Seiler, G.J. Oil concentration and fatty acid composition of achenes of North AmericanHelianthus (Asteraceae) species. Econ Bot 48, 271–279 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02862328
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02862328