Abstract
A research programme was initiated at the Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory, Hyderabad, a decade ago for the indigenous development of Al-Li alloys in order to finally meet the requirements of the space and aircrft industries in the country. This paper describes the systematic studies carried out in the laboratory to overcome the initial difficulties in producing sound ingots, optimize the subsequent heat treatments and processing schedules, and to finally obtain reproducible microstructure and mechanical properties in the semi products (i.e. sheets and extrusions) developed. Laboratory-scale sheet and extrusion products meet tensile property specification of 8090 alloy. One of these semiproducts, i.e. round bar extrusion, is currently being supplied for the stallite programmes. Commercial-scale sheet products made in Russia under an Indo-Russian joint programme have been made available for the aircraft programme. Recent alloy development studies in the laboratory are discussed within the context of the present paper.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Averil W A, Olsen D L, Matlock D K and Edwards G R 1981Proc. 1st int. conf. on Al-Li alloys (eds) T H Sanders and E A Starke (Warrendale, Pa.: The Metallurgical Society of AIME) p. 9
Ashton R F, Thomspon D S, Starke E A and Lin F S 1986Proc. 3rd int. conf. on Al-Li alloys (ed.) C Bakeret al (London: The Institute of Metals) p. 66
Banerjee P S 19931st annual report on corrosion behaviour of Al-Li alloys, DRDO Grants-in-Aid Programme
Chakravorty C R, Singh V and Gokhale A A 198736th Annual Convention-IIF p. 135
Chakravorty C R 1988 Ph D thesis, IIT, Kharagpur
Chakravorty C R and Chakraborty M 1990Cast Met. 2 182
Chakravorty C R and Chakraborty M 1991Cast Met. 4 37
Divecha A P and Karmarkar S D 1981Proc. 1st int. conf. on Al-Li alloys p. 49
Eknell J C, Rhodes J E and Wald G C 1984ASTM STP 761 328
Flower H M and Gregson P J 1987Mater. Sci. Technol. 3 81
Flower H M, Gregson P J, Tite C N J and Mukhopadhyay A K 1986Proc. int. conf. on aluminum alloys: their physical and mechanical properties (eds) E A Starke Jr and T H Sanders Jr (Warley: Engn. Mater. Advisory Service) vol.II, p. 743
Gregson P J and Flower H M 1985Acta Metall. 30 927
Gregson P J, Flower H M, Tite C N J and Mukhopadhyay A K 1986Mater. Sci. Technol. 2 349
Gokhale A A, Singh V, Singh R K and Chakravorty C R 1988Proc. conf. on principles of solidification and materials processing (eds) R Trivedi, J A Sekhar and J Majumdar (Oxford and IBH) Vol. 2, p. 121
Gokhale A A, Singh V, Appa Rao D V and Chakravorty C R 1990DMRL Tech. Report TR 90111
Harris S J, Noble B and Dinsdale K 1987J. Phys. 9 C3–415
Holl H A 1969J. Inst. Met. 97 200
Hume Rothery W, Smallman R E and Haworth C W 1969The structure of metals and alloys (London: The Institute of Metals) p. 130
Jones W R D and Das P P 1959–60J. Inst. Met. 80 345
Kamaludeen M, Ranganathan N G, Sundaram M and Vasu K I 1987Bull. Electrochem. 3 143
Lewis R E, Starke E A, Jr Coons W C, Shiflet G J, Willner E, Bjeletich J G, Mils C H, Harrington R M and Petrakins D N 1987J. Phys. 48 C3–643
McAlister A J 1982Bull. Alloy Phase Diagrams 3 177
Mukhopadhyay A K, Flower H M and Sheppard T 1987aJ. Phys. 48 C3–219
Mukhopadhyay A K, Tite C N J, Flower H M, Gregson P J and Sale F R 1987bJ. Phys. C3-439
Mukhopadhyay A K and Chaturvedi M C 1989 NAE Contractor Report No. 31067 on Al-Li technology and its impact on aircraft structural design, manufacture and maintenance, Ottawa part-1, p. 6
Mukhopadhyay A K, Flower H M and Sheppard T 1990aMater. Sci. Technol. 6 461
Mukhopadhyay A K, Flower H M and Sheppard T 1990bMater. Sci. Technol. 6 611
Mukhopadhyay A K, Zhou D S and Yang Q B 1992Scr. Metall. Mater. 26 237
Mukhopadhyay A K and Chakravorty C R 1993Seminar Proc. Thrust Areas for R&D in Foundry Technology (eds) A K Chakrabarti andS C Panigrahi, Calcutta p. 53
Nes E 1972Acta Metall. 20 499
Noble B, Harris S J and Dinsdale K 1982J. Mater. Sci. 17 461
Polmear I J 1989Light alloys, metallurgy and materials science series 2nd edition p. 89
Prasad Y V R K 1990Indian J. Technol. 28 435
Prasad Y V R K 1993 unpublished work, IISc, Bangalore
Ryum N 1969Acta Metall. 17 269
Sainfort P and Dubost B 1987J. Phys. 48 C3–407
Sanders T H and Starke E A 1989Proc. 5th Int. Al-Li Conf. Vol. 1, MCEP, p. 1
Sanders T H and Starke E A 1982Acta Metall. 30 927
Satyaprasad K 1990DMRL Tech. Report-90126
Saxena V K 1993 unpublished work DMRL, Hyderabad
Silcock J M 1959–60J. Inst. Met. 88 357
Singh V, Chakravorty C R and Chakraborty M 1989Seminar Proc.: Science and Technology of Al-Li Alloys HAL, Bangalore, p. 83
Singh V, Yadaw S B, Mukhopadhyay A K and Chakravorty C R 1994 unpublished work
Starke E A, Sanders T H and Palmer I G 1981J. Met. 33 24
Speidel M O 1975Proc. 6th int. conf. on light metals (Dusseldorf: Aluminium-Verlag) p. 286
Tripathi A K 1993 B. Tech. thesis IIT, Kanpur
Vasudevan A K and Doeherty R D 1987Acta Metall. 35 1193
Vasudevan A K, Bretz P E, Miller A C and Suresh S 1984Mater. Sci. Engn. 64 113
Wilm A 1911Metallurgie 8 225
Webster D 1981Proc. 1st int. conf. on Al-Li alloys (eds) T H Sanders and E A Starke (Warrendale, Pa: The Metallurgical Society of AIME) p. 228
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chakravorty, C.R. Indigenization of high-strength, light-weight Al-Li alloys for aerospace. Bull. Mater. Sci. 17, 1351–1367 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02747233
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02747233