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Factor inputs and U.S. manufacturing trade structure: 1963–1980

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Zusammenfassung

Faktoreinsatz und Struktur des US-Handels mit Industrieprodukten 1963–1980. — Der Autor analysiert die Determinanten für die Struktur des US-Handels mit verschiedenen Handelspartnern und untersucht, welche strukturellen Änderungen dieser Beziehungen zwischen 1963 und 1980 stattgefunden haben. Er benutzt ein modifiziertes Faktorproportionen-Modell mit mehreren Produktionsfaktoren und schÄtzt die simultanen Wirkungen von Humankapital, Realkapital, Arbeit und SkalenertrÄgen auf die Nettoexporte der USA von Industriegütern. Die Ergebnisse der Regressionen bestÄtigen in den meisten FÄllen — und besonders für die früheren Jahredas Leontief-Paradoxon und Leontiefs ErklÄrung, die die Bedeutung des Humankapitals als Quelle komparativer Vorteile hervorhebt. Ermittelt werden strukturelle VerÄnderungen sowohl für den Globalhandel der USA als auch für den bilateralen Handel mit Japan, Kanada und den SchwellenlÄndern, da diese LÄnder alle zwischen 1963 und 1980 bedeutende Handelspartner der Vereinigten Staaten geworden sind.

Résumé

Emploi des facteurs de production et la structure du commerce industriel des Etats Unis: 1963-1980. — Dans cette étude l'auteur analyse les déterminants du commerce des Etats Unis avec de plusieurs partenaires commerciaux et examine quels changements structurels ont eu lieu dans ces relations entre 1963 et 1980. En utilisant un modèle des proportions multi-facteurs, ce modèle mesure l’effet simultané du capital humain et physique, du travail et des économies d’échelle sur les exportations nettes américaines des produits industriels. Dans la plupart des cas et particulièrement pour les années antérieures, ce modèle confirme le «Leontief Paradox» et son explication qui souligne le rÔle du capital humain comme source de l’avantage comparatif.

L’auteur découvre des changements structurels dans le commerce global des Etats Unis et aussi dans le commerce bilatéral avec le Japon, le Canada et les nouveaux pays industrialisés parce que tous sont devenus des partenaires importants avec les Etats Unis entre les années 1963 et 1980.

Resumen

Contenido de factores y la estructura del comercio manufacturera de los EE UU: 1963-1980. — En este trabajo se analiza el perfil del comercio de los EE UU con diferentes paises y también se examina qué cambios estructurales tuvieron lugar en estas relaciones entre 1963 y 1980. Utilizando un modelo modificado de proporción de factores mÚltiples se mide el impacto simultáneo de capital humano, capital fisico, trabajo y de economias de escala sobre las exportaciones manufactureras netas de los EE UU. Los resultados de regresiones confirman casi siempre y especialmente para a∼nos lejanos la paradoja de Leontief y la explication para ella, que enfatiza el papel del capital humano como una fuente de ventajas comparativas. Se detectan cambios estructurales en el comercio global de los EE UU y en el comercio bilateral de los EE UU con el Japón, el Canadá y los NICs, al haber alcanzado todos ellos un importante tráfico comertial con los EE UU entre 1963 y 1980.

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Niroomand, F. Factor inputs and U.S. manufacturing trade structure: 1963–1980. Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv 127, 744–763 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02707418

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