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Thermodynamics for arsenic and antimony in copper matte converting—computer simulation

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Abstract

Thermodynamic data for arsenic and antimony and their sulfide and oxide gases have been critically reviewed and compiled. The entropy values for AsS(g), SbS(g), and BiS(g) have been recalculated based on a statistical thermodynamic method. The standard heat of formation and entropy of As2O3(g) have been newly assessed to be △H 0298 = −81,500 cal/mole and S 0298 = 81.5 cal/deg/mole. Copper matte converting has been mathematically described using the stepwise equilibrium simulation technique together with quadratic approximations of oxygen and magnetite solubilities in molten mattes. A differential equation for the volatilization of arsenic and antimony has been derived and solved for successive reaction microsteps, whereby the volatilization, slagging, and alloying of the minor elements in copper matte converting have been examined as functions of reaction time and other process variables. Only the first (slag-making) stage of converting is responsible for the elimination of arsenic and antimony by volatilization. Arsenic volatilizes mainly as AsS(g) and AsO(g), with As2(g) also contributing when initial mattes are unusually rich in arsenic (above 0.5 pct arsenic). Antimony volatilizes chiefly as SbS(g), and the contributions of other gases such as SbO(g) and Sb(g) always remain negligibly low. The results of the stepwise equilibrium simulation compare favorably with the industrial operating data.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Inland Steel Company, Research Labs, 3001 East Columbus Drive, 46312, East Chicago, IN

    P. C. Chaubal

  2. Centre de Recherches Minerales, 2700 Einstein, G1P 3W8, Ste-Foy, PQ, Canada

    M. Nagamori

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  1. P. C. Chaubal
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  2. M. Nagamori
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Formerly Assistant Professor, Department of Metallurgy and Metallurgical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112

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Chaubal, P.C., Nagamori, M. Thermodynamics for arsenic and antimony in copper matte converting—computer simulation. Metall Trans B 19, 547–556 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02659145

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