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Transition between internal and external nitridation of Ni-Ti alloys

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Abstract

A series of Ni-Ti alloys ranging in composition from 0.1 to 5 wt pct Ti were annealed in nitrogen gas or a nitrogen/argon gas mixture between 800 °C and 1020 °C. The evolution of surface and subscale structures, along with the diffusion profile of Ti in Ni, were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), respectively. A strong extrusion of Ni to accommodate the excess volume of internal TiN precipitation was observed between 0.5 and 1.0 wt pct Ti at 1020 °C, where a continuous superficial layer of stoichiometric TiN begins to form. A finite difference computational algorithm was developed based upon a ternary model of simultaneous diffusion and precipitation, which generates the concentration profile of Ti in Ni and the particle distribution of TiN and subsumes a transition from internal to external nitridation. Because there is a dearth of independent thermodynamic and kinetic data on this system, we were forced to use parameters established by a selected minimal set of our own experiments to predict outcomes for the main body of experimental work, thereby obtaining satisfactory closure between theory and experiment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, L86 4L7, Hamilton, ON, Canada

    G. C. Savva (Post-doctorial fellow), G. C. Weatherly (Professors) & J. S. Kirkaldy (Professors)

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  1. G. C. Savva
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  2. G. C. Weatherly
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  3. J. S. Kirkaldy
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Additional information

This article is based on a presentation made during TMS/ASM Materials Week in the symposium entitled “Atomistic Mechanisms of Nucleation and Growth in Solids,” organized in honor of H.I. Aaronson’s 70th Anniversary and given October 3–5, 1994, in Rosemont, Illinois.

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Savva, G.C., Weatherly, G.C. & Kirkaldy, J.S. Transition between internal and external nitridation of Ni-Ti alloys. Metall Mater Trans A 27, 1611–1622 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02649819

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