Abstract
Patterson's Recognition Concept of Species has profound implications for the way we analyze the process of species formation. It emphasizes absolute rather than relativistic mechanisms, and concentrates on adaptive processes within population isolates rather than competitive exclusion or competition. Environmental change is seen as a major force initiating speciation. In the case of two species ofGalago, environmental degradation and the breakup of forest blocks is likely to have been the major initiator; while changes in sea-level may have lead to the fragmentation of populations ofTarsius. In both cases, however, the relationships of body size, energetics, heterochrony and species strategies most likely provided the engine for further behavioural and morphological divergence.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Brain C. K., 1985.Temperature-induced Environmental Changes in Africa as Evolutionary Stimuli. In: (Vrba, E. S. ed.) Species and Speciation, pp. 45–52. Transvaal Museum Monograph No. 4. Transvaal Museum, Pretoria.
Charles-Dominique P., 1977.Ecology and Behaviour of Nocturnal Primates. Duckwoerth: London.
Charles-Dominique P., 1979.Solitary and Gregarious Prosimians: Evolution of Social Structure in Primates In (D. J. Chivers and K. A. Joysey, eds.). Recent Advances in Primatology. Vol. 3, Evolution. pp. 139–149. Academic Press: London.
Crompton R. H., 1980.A leap in the Dark: locomotor behaviour and ecology in Galagy senegalensis and Galago crassicaudatus. Unpublished PhD. dissertation. Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Crompton R. H., 1983.Age Differences in Locomotion of Two Subtropical Galaginae. Primates, 24, 2: 241–259.
Crompton R. H., 1984.Foraging, Habitat Structure and Locomotion in Two Species od Galago. In: (P. S. Rodman and J. G. H., Cant, eds.). Adaptation for Foraging in Nonhuman Primates. pp. 73–111. New York: Columbia University Press.
Crompton R. H. &Andau P. M., 1986.Locomotion and Habitat Utilization in Free-Ranging Tarsius bancanus: A Preliminary Report. Primates, 27, 3: 337–355.
Crompton R. H. &Andau P. M., 1987.Ranging, Activity Patterns and Sociality in Free-Ranging Tarsius bancanus: a Preliminary Report. International Journal of Primatology, 8, 1: 43–71.
Eldredge N., 1979.Alternative approaches to evolutional theory. Bulletin of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 13, 7: 7–9.
Ginsburg L. &Mein L., 1987.Tarsius thailandica nov. sp. premier Tarsiidae (Primates, Mammalia), fossile d'Asie. Comptes rendues de l'Academie des Sciences de Paris, 304, II, 19: 1213–1215.
Gould S. J., 1977.Ontogeny and Phylogeny. Harvard University Press: Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Gould S. J., 1979.On the importance of heterochrony for evolutionary biology. Systematic Zoology, 28, 2: 224–226.
Groves C. P., 1976.The origin of the mammalian fauna of Sulawesi (Celebes). Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 41, 4: 201–206.
Groves C. P., 1984.Mammal faunas and the Palaeogeography of the Indo-Australian region. Courier Forschungsinstituut Senkenberg, 69: 267–273.
Groves C. P., 1985.Plio-Pleistocene mammals in island South-east Asia. Modern Quaternary Research in Southeast Asia, 9: 43–54.
Harcourt C. S. &Nash L. T., 1986.Species differences in substrate use and diet between sympatric galagos in two Kenyan coastal forests. Primates, 27: 39–50.
Heaney L. R., 1984.Mammalian species richness on islands off the Sunda Shelf, Southeast Asia. Oecologia, 61: 11–17.
Heaney L. R., 1985.Zoogeographic evidence for middle and late Pleistocene landbridges to the Phillippine islands. Modern Quaternary Research in Southeast Asia, 9: 127–144.
Heaney L. R., 1986.Biogeography of mammals in SE Asia: estimates of rates of colonization, extinction and specialization. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 28: 127–165.
Hiemae K. M. &Crompton A. W., 1985.Mastication, Food transport, and Swallowing. In: (M. Hildebrand, D. M. Bramble, K. Liem & D. B. Wake, eds.). Functional Vertebrate Morphology. pp. 262–290. Belknap Harvard: Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Holm E., 1985.The evolution of generalist and specialist species. In: (Vrba, E.S., ed.). Species and Speciation, pp. 87–93. Transvaal Museum Monograph No. 4. Transvaal Museum, Pretoria.
Martin R. D., 1972.A preliminary study of the lesser mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus J. F. Miller 1777). Zeitschrift fur Tierpsychologie, Suppl. 9: 43–89.
Masters J. C., 1985.Species within the taxon Galago crassicaudatus E. Geoffroy. Unpublished PhD. Dissertation, University of the Witwatersrand, Johanesburg.
Masters J., 1986.Geographic Distributions of Karyotypes and Morphotypes within the Greater Galagines. Folia Primatologica, 46: 127–141.
Masters J. & Lubinsky D.,Morphological Clues to Genetic Species: Multivariate Analysis of Greater Galago Sibling Species. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 75: 37–52.
Mackinnon J. &Mackinnon K., 1980.The Behavior of wild Spectral Tarsiers. International Journal of Primatology, 1, 4: 361–379.
Musses, G. G. &Dagosto M., 1987.The identity of Tarsius pumilus, a pygmy species endemic to the montane mossy forests of central Sulawesi. Ann. Mus. Nov. 2867: 1–53.Niemitz C., 1977.Zur Funktionsmorphlogie und Biometrie der Gattung Tarsius Storr, 1790. Herleitung von Evolutionsmechanismen bei einem Primaten. courier Forschuungsinstituut Senkenberg, 25: 1–161.
Niemitz C., 1979.Outline of the Behavior of Tarsius bancanus. In: (G. A. Doyle and R. D. Martin, eds.). The Study of Prosimian Behavior, pp. 631–660. Academic Press: New York.
Niemitz C., 1984a.Vocal Communication of two tarsier species (Tarsius bancanus and Tarsius spectrum) In: (C. Niemitz, ed.). Biology of Tarsiers, pp. 129–141. Gustav Fischer: Stuttgart.
Niemitz C., 1984b.An investigation and review of the territorial behaviour and social organization of the genus Tarsius. In: (C. Niemitz, ed.). Biology of Tarsiers, pp. 117–127. Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart.
Niemitz C., 1984c.Synecological relationships and feeding behaviour of the genus Tarsius. In: (C. Niemitz, ed.). Biology of Tarsiers, pp. 59–75. Gustav Fischer: Stuttgart.
Ollier C. D., 1985.The Geological Background to Prehistory in Islans Southeast Asia. Modern Quaternary Research in Southeast Asia, 9: 25–42.
Patterson H. E. H., 1985.The Recognition Concept of Species. In: (Vrba, E. S., ed.). Species and Speciation, pp. 21–29. Transvaal Museum Monograph No. 4, Transvaal Museum, Pretoria.
Simons E. L., &Bown T. M., 1985.Afrotarsius chatrathi, first tarsiiform primate (? Tarsiidae) from Africa. Nature, 313, 7: 475–477.
Vrba E. S., 1974.What is species selection? Systematic Zoology, 33: 318–328.
Walker A., 1979.Prosimian Locomotor Behavior. In: (G. A. Doyle and R. D. Martin, eds.). The Study of Prosimian Behavior, pp. 543–565. New York: Academic Press.
Wesselman H. B., 1984.The Omo Micromammals: Systematics and Palaecology of early Man Sites from Ethiopia. Contribution to Vertebrate Evolution, Vol. 7.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Crompton, R.H. Mechanisms for Speciation inGalago andTarsius . Hum. Evol. 4, 105–116 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02435439
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02435439