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Dissatisfaction and complaining behavior as a result of unavailable advertised food specials

Unzufriedenheit und Beschwerden von Verbrauchern, wenn angekündigte Sonderangebote im Laden nicht erhältlich sind

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Abstract

Reactions by consumers to unavailable advertised food specials as well as management responses to specific consumer reactions are explored in this paper. Special attention is given to differential shopper reactions and management behavior with respect to race. Information gathered from 219 food shoppers about their latest unavailability experience comprised the data base for the study. The findings suggest that black and white shoppers are similar with respect to purchasing and response behavior. However, the differential management behavior toward black and white shoppers offers further evidence of the continuing discriminatory marketing practices by some supermarkets. Implications from a public policy perspective are presented.

Zusammenfassung

Seit 1971 gilt es nach einer Regel der Federal Trade Commission (FTC) in den Vereinigten Staaten als unlautere oder täuschende Handlung, wenn im Lebensmittelhandel Produkte mit ihrem üblichen Preis als Sonderangebote deklariert werden oder tatsächliche Sonderangebote im Laden nicht deutlich und leicht erreichbar angeboten werden. Die Wirksamkeit einer solcher Regel hängt jedoch davon ab, wie energisch sich Konsumenten dagegen wehren, wenn angekündigte Sonderangebote im Laden nicht zu haben sind, und wie der Händler darauf reagiert.

Dieser Beitrag behandelt die Verbraucherreaktionen auf solche nicht verfügbaren Lebensmittel-Sonderangebote sowie das Verhalten der Händler in einer solchen Situation. Die Daten stammen von 219 Lebensmittelkäufern und ihren Erfahrungen, die sie bei ihrem jeweils letzten Fall von Nichtverfügbarkeit eines Sonderangebots gemacht haben. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß es keine Unterschiede im Verhalten von schwarzen und weißen Kunden in solchen Einkaufssituationen gibt. Allerdings gibt es in einigen Geschäften diskriminierende Unterschiede in der Behandlung von schwarzen Kunden gegenüber weißen durch die Geschäftsleitung.

Nur wenige Kunden zeigten sich offenbar durch das Nichtvorhandensein von Sonderangeboten deutlich enttäuscht. Das mag zum Teil daran liegen, daß die Kenntnis der von der FTC aufgestellten Regel unter Verbrauchern kaum verbreitet ist. Notwendig sind deshalb zusätzliche Informationskampagnen, die sich vor allem an benachteiligte Verbraucher richten und sie über ihre Rechte als Käufer aufklären. Außerdem sollte der Lebensmitteleinzelhandel die Nachfrage nach Sonderangeboten besser vorhersagen können. Schließlich sollte eine bessere Ausbildung des Personals auf allen Ebenen eine bessere Abstimmung von Werbemaßnahmen und Lagerhaltung ermöglichen.

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Wilkinson, J.B., Barry Mason, J. Dissatisfaction and complaining behavior as a result of unavailable advertised food specials. J Consum Policy 3, 43–55 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02390689

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