Abstract
Rats exposed to one, three, or seven conditioning sessions defined by an olfactory conditioned stimulus and stress or antidepressant administration as unconditioned stimulus were later tested for their preference for the conditioned olfactory stimulus. A significant reduction of the time spent in the conditioned stimulus was observed in animals exposed to one and three pairings with stress or three pairings with desipramine. A lack of conditioned aversion was observed in animals exposed to seven pairings with either reinforcer. These data could indicate that the adaptative mechanisms elicited by repeated stress or desipramine may be involved in the decrease of conditioned aversion.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Banerjee SP, Kung LS, Riggi SJ, Chenda SK (1977) Development of β-adrenergic receptor subsensitivity by antidepressant. Nature 268:455–456
Blavet N, Defeudis FV (1982) Inhibition of food intake in the rat by antidepressants. Neurochem Res 7:339–348
Cabib S, Puglisi-Allegra S, Oliverio A (1984) Chronic stress enhances apomorphine-induced stereotyped behavior in mice: involvement of endogenous opioids. Brain Res 298:138–140
Cancela LM, Molina VA (1987) Reduced apomorphine-induced sedation following chronic stress. Eur J Pharmacol 134:117–119
Cancela LM, Volosin M, Molina VA (1988) Chronic stress-attenuation of α-2adrenoceptor reactivity is reversed by naltrexone. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 31:33–35
Henry JP (1983) Coronary heart disease and arousal of the adrenal cortical axis. In: Dembroski TM (ed) Biobehavioral basis of coronary heart disease. Karger, Basel, pp 365–378
Kennett GA, Dickinson SL, Curzon G (1985a) Enhancement of some 5-Ht-dependent behavioral responses following repeated immobilization in rats. Brain Res 330:253–263
Kennett GA, Dickinson SL, Curzon G (1985b) Central serotonergic responses and behavioral adaptation to repeated immobilization: the effect of the corticosterone synthesis inhibitor metyrapone. Eur J Pharmacol 119:143–152
Kucharski D, Spear N (1984) Conditioning of an aversion to an odor paired with peripheral shock in the developing rat. Dev Psychobiol 17:465–469
Kucharski D, Richter NG, Spear N (1985) Conditioned aversion is promoted by memory of CS-. Anim Learn Behav 13:143–151
Molina J, Serwatka J, Spear L, Spear N (1985) Differential ethanol olfactory experiences affect ethanol ingestion in preweanling but not in older rats. Behav Neural Biol 44:90–100
Molina J, Serwatka J, Spear N (1986) Alcohol drinking patterns of young adult rats as a function of infantile aversive experiences with alcohol odor. Behav Neural Biol 46:257–271
Molina J, Serwatka J, Enters K, Spear L, Spear N (1987) Acute alcohol intoxication disrupts brightness but not olfactory conditioning in preweanling rats. Behav Neurosci 101:846–853
Papp M (1988) Different effects of short- and long-term treatment with imipramine on the apomorphine- and food-induced place preference conditioning in the rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 30:889–893
Pare WP (1965) Stress and consummatory behavior in the albino rat. Psychol Rev 16:399–405
Petty F, Sherman AD (1979) Reversal of learned helplessness by imipramine. Commun Psychopharmacol 3:371–373
Platt JE, Stone EA (1982) Chronic restraint stress elicits a positive antidepressant response on the forced swim test. Eur J Pharmacol 82:179–181
Porsolt RD, Anton G, Blavet N, Jalfre M (1978) Behavioral despair in rats: a new model sensitive to antidepressant treatments. Eur J Pharmacol 47:379–391
Rescorla RA, Wagner AR (1972) A theory of pavlovian conditioning: variations in the effectiveness of reinforcement and non-reinforcement. In: Blach AH, Prokasy WF (eds) Classical conditioning II. Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York, pp 64–99
Selye H (1976) Stress in health and disease. Butterworths, London
Serra G, Argiolas A, Klimek V, Fadda F, Gessa GL (1979) Chronic treatment with antidepressant prevents inhibitory effects of small doses of apomorphine on dopamine synthesis and motor activity. LIfe Sci 25:415–424
Spyraki C, Fibiger HC (1981) Behavioral evidence for supersensitivity of postsynaptic dopamine receptors in the mesolimbic system after chronic administration of desipramine. Eur J Pharmacol 74:195–206
Stone EA (1987) Central cyclic-AMP-linked noradrenergic receptors: new finding on properties as related to the action of stress. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 11:391–398
Stone EA, Platt JE (1982) Brain adrenergic receptors and resistance to stress. Brain Res 237:405–414
Stone EA, Trullas R, Platt JE (1984) The effect of acute and chronic administration of desmethylimipramine on responses to stress in rats. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 8:587–592
Sulser F (1979) New perspectives on the mode of action of antidepressant drugs. TIPS 1:92–94
Weiss JM, Glazer HI, Pohorecky LA, Brick J, Miller NE (1975) Effects of chronic exposure to stressors on avoidance-escape behavior and on brain norepinephrine. Psychosom Med 37:522–534
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This work was supported by grants from CONICOR and CONICET
Fellowship from CONICET
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Murua, V.S., Molina, V.A. Desipramine and restraint stress induce odor conditioned aversion in rats: suppression by repeated conditioning. Psychopharmacology 102, 503–506 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02247132
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02247132