Abstract
The review summarizes and evaluates recent information about the effects of anthelmintics onHaemonchus contortus. The topic is discussed under the headings effects of drugs on the absorptive surfaces, effects of drugs on metabolism, effects of drugs on the neuromuscular system, effects of drugs on developmental stages, anthelmintic efficacy, and resistant strains. Possible future lines of work are suggested in the conclusions.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bali, M.K. and Singh, R.P., 1977.In vitro effects of three anthelmintics on the infective larvae ofHaemonchus contortus. Haryana Agric. Univ. J. Res., 7: 230–232.
Barrett, J., 1976. Bioenergetics in helminths. In: H. Van den Bossche (Editor), Biochemistry of parasites and host-parasite Relationships. North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 67–80.
Barrett, J. 1981. Biochemstry of parasitic helminths. MacMillan, London and Basingstoke.
Barton, N.J., 1980. Emergence ofHaemonchus contortus resistant to thiabendazole. [Correspondence.]. Aust. Vet. J., 56: 46–47.
Bennet, E.M., Behm, C., Bryant, C. and Chevis, R.A.F., 1980. Synergistic action of mebendazole and levamisole on the treatment of benzimidazole-resistantHaemonchus contortus in sheep. Vet. Parasitol., 7: 207–214.
Benz, G.W. and Ernst, J.V., 1978. Anthelmintic activity of fenbendazole against gastrointestinal nematodes in calves. Am. J. Vet. Res., 39: 1103–1105.
Berger, J., 1980. Oxfendazole: anthelmintic activity in sheep artificially infected with nematodes. Results of trials against nine species including benzimidazole-resistantHaemonchus contortus. J. S. Afr. Vet. Ass., 51: 51–58.
Bezubik, B., Borowik, M.M. and Brzozowska, W., 1978. The effect of Panacur on helminth parasites in naturally infected lambs. Acta parasit. Pol., 26: 75–82.
Bezubik, B., Borowik, M.M. and Brzozowska, W., 1979. Investigations on a new antiparasitic drug (Panacur, Hoechst) in sheep in Poland. Wiad. Parazyt., 25: 83–89.
Bird, A.F., 1971. The structure of nematodes. Academic Press, New York and London.
Boersema, J.H., Lewing-Van der Wiel, P.J. and Bargsteede, F.H.M., 1982. Benzimidazole resistance in a field strain ofHaemonchus contortus in the Netherlands. Vet. Rec., 110: 203–204.
Boisvenue, R.J., Brandt, M.C., Galloway, R.B. and Hendrix, J.C., 1983.In vitro activity of various anthelmintic compounds againstHaemonchus contortus larvae. Vet. Parasit., 13: 341–347.
Bossche, van den, H. and Janssen, P.A.J., 1969. The biochemical action of the antinematodal drug tetramisol. Biochem. Pharmac., 18: 35–42.
Bowman, W.C. and Rand, M.J., 1980. Textbook of pharmacology. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.
Campbell, N.J. and Hall, C.A., 1979. The anthelmintic efficacy of albendazole againstFasciola hepatica and benzimidazole resistant strains ofHaemonchus contortus andTrichostrongylus colubriformis in sheep. Res. Vet. Sci., 26: 90–93.
Campos, R.R., Herrara, R.D., Ortega, T.V., Najera, F.R. and Barrios, D.Z., 1976. Evaluation of the efficacy of rafoxanide against fasciolosis and haemonchosis in the goat. Tec. Pec. Medico, 30: 76–79.
Castro, G.A. and Fairbairn, D., 1969. Comparison of cuticular and intestinal absorption of glucose by adultAscaris lumbricoides. J. Parasitol., 55: 13–16.
Chalmers, K., 1979. Evaluation of the efficacy of the anthelmintic oxfendazole against artificial infections f gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep and cattle. N. Z. J. Expl. Agric., 7: 111–114.
Coles, G.C., East, J.M. and Jenkins, S.N., 1975. The mechanism of action of the anthelmintic levamisole. Gen. Pharmacol., 6:309–313.
Craig, T.M. and Bell, R.R., 1978. Evaluation of fenbendazole as en anthelmintic for gastrointestinal nematodes of cattle. Am. J. Vet. Res., 39: 1037–1038.
Craig, T.M. and Shepherd, E., 1980. Efficacy of various anthelmintics on thiabendazole againstHaemonchus contortus and the fringed tapewormThyanosoma actiniodes. In: Research Report on sheep and goat, wool and mohair-1980, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Texas, USA, pp. 85–86.
Demidov, N.V., 1982. [Anthelmintics in Veterinary Practice.] Kolos, Moscow, USSR.
Demidov, N.V. and Potenkina, V.A., 1980. [A handbook on the therapy and prophylaxis of animal helminthiasis.] Kolos, Moscow, USSR.
Düwel, D., 1977. Fenbendazole. II. Biological properties and activity. Pestic Sci., 8: 550–555.
Düwel, D. and Kirsch, R., 1983. Investigations on the sensitivity of trichostrongylids after repeated febendazole administration In: F.H.M. Borgsteede, S.A. Henriksen and H.J. Over (Editors), Facts and reflections IV. Resistance of parasites to anthelmintics. A workshop in the C.E.C. animal pathology programme held at the Central Veterinary Institute, Lelysted, The Netherlands, 9–10 December, 1982. Centraal Diergeneeskundig Instituut, Lelystad, Netherlands, pp. 201–206.
Edwards, J.R. and Chaneet, G. De, 1980. A strain ofHaemonchus contortus apparently resistant to thiophanate. Res. Vet. Sci., 29: 370–372.
Fauque, B.S. and Santiago, M.A.M., 1980. [Anthelmintic activity of cambendazole, mebendazole and parbendazole against a thiabendazole-resistant strain ofHaemonchus contortus in sheep.] Rev. Cent. Ciencias Rurais, 10: 307–321.
Gaitonde, B.B., 1970. Comparative efficacy of tetramisole with other anthelmintics. In: B.V. Hedge (Editor), Soil transmitted nematodes and tetramisole. Ethnor Limited, Bombay, pp. 242–250.
Gibson, T.E., 1969. Advances in Veterinary Anthelmintic Medication. In: B. Dawes (Editor), Advances in Parasitology. Academic Press, London and New York, pp. 349–373.
Green, P.E., Forsyth, B.A., Rowan, K.J. and Payne, G., 1981. The isolation of a field strain ofHaemonchus contortus in Queensland showing multiple anthelmintic resistance. Aust. Vet. J., 57: 79–84.
Guinan, J.J. and Kieran, P.J., 1980. Resistance ofHaemonchus contortus to oxfendazole. [Correspondence.]. Aust. Vet. J., 56: 46.
Gupta, R.P. and Malik, P.D., 1979. Anthelmintic activity of Trodax in sheep. Indian Vet. J., 56: 834–838.
Gupta, R.P., Malik, P.D. and Gautam, O.P., 1979. The effect of fenbendazole on gastrointestinal nematodes andDictyocaulus filarie in naturally infected sheep. Haryana Agric. Univ. J. Res., 9: 349–354.
Hall, C.A., Campbell, N.J. and Richardson, N.J. 1978. Levels of benzimidazole resistance inHaemonchus contortus andTrichostrongylus colubriformis recorded from an egg hatch test procedure. Res. Vet. Sci., 25: 360–363.
Hall, C.A., Kelly, J.D., Whitlock, H.V., Martin, I.C.A., McDonell, P.A. and Gunawan, M., 1981a. Five generations of selection with benzimidazole and non-benzimidazole resistant strains ofHaemonchus contortus andOstertagia spp. in sheep. Res. Vet. Sci., 30: 138–142.
Hall, C.A., Kelly, J.D., Martin, I.C.A., Whitlock, H.V., McDonell, P.A. and Gunawan, M., 1981b. Changes in response of a benzimidazole resistant strain ofHaemonchus contortus from sheep after passing through calves. Res. Vet. Sci., 30: 143–146.
Hart, R.J. and Lee, R.M., 1966. Cholinesterase activities of various nematode parasites and their inhibition by the organophosphate anthelmintic haloxon. Expl. Parasit., 18: 332–337.
Hennessy, D.R. and Pricherd, R.K., 1981. The role of absorbed drug in the efficacy of oxfendazole against gastrointestinal nematodes. Vet. Res. Commun., 5: 45–49.
Herlich, H., Rew, R.S. and Colglazier, M.L., 1981. Inheritance of cambendazole resistance inHaemonchus contortus. Am. J. Vet. Res., 42: 1342–1344.
Hiepe, T., Buchwalder, R. and Ribbeck, R., 1981. In: T. Hiepe (Editor), [Text book of Parasitology Vol. I. General Parasitology.] VED Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, GDR.
Hillman, G.R. and Senft, A.W., 1975. Acetylcholinergic properties of the antischistosomal drug hycanthone. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 24: 827–834.
Kaur, R. and Sood, M.L., 1982a.In vitro effect of anthelmintics on phosphatases ofHaemonchus contortus (Rud., 1803). Indian J. Parasit., 6: 269–274.
Kaur, R. and Sood, M.L., 1982b.Haemonchus contortus: Thein vitro effects of dl-tetramisole and rafoxanide on glycolytic enzymes. Int. J. Parasitol., 12: 585–588.
Kaur, R. and Sood, M.L., 1982c. Thein vitro effects of anthelmintics on malic enzyme and cholinesterase ofHaemonchus contortus (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae). Indian J. Parasit., 6: 267–268.
Kaur, R. and Sood, M.L., 1982d.Haemonchus contortus: Thein vitro effects of anthelmintics on total glucose and glycogen contents and total volatile fatty acids. Acta Vet. Acad. Sci. Hung., 30: 265–269.
Kaur, R. and Sood, M.L., 1983a. Effects of anthelmintics on the absorptive surfaces of adultHaemonchus contortus in vitro: a histological study. Folia Parasit., 30: 146.
Kaur, R. and Sood, M.L., 1983b. The effects of dl-tetramisole and rafoxanide on tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes ofHaemonchus contortus, in vitro. Vet. Parasit., 13: 333–340.
Kaur, R. and Sood, M.L., 1983c. Carbohydrate metabolism inHaemonchus contortus (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae). Indian J. Parasit., 7: 125–132.
Kaur, R. and Sood, M.L. 1985. Effects of anthelmintics on pentose phosphate pathway enzymes ofHaemonchus contortus (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae),in vitro. Vet. Parasit., submitted.
Kelly, J.D., 1981. Animal nematodes: growing resistance to anthelmintics. Span., London, 24: 123–126.
Kemp, G.K. and Smith, C.F., 1982. Anthelmintic resistance survey in New Zealand. N. Z. Vet. J., 30: 141–144.
Kerboeuf, D. and Chaton-Schaffner, M., 1982. [Efficacy of albendazole for treating gastro-intestinal strongyles of sheep.] Rec. Med. Vet., 158: 809–819.
Kirsch, R., 1978.In vitro andin vivo studies on the ovicidal activity of febendazole. Res. Vet. Sci., 25: 263–265.
Kochiashvili, Sh.V., 1977. [Efficacy of Banminth against intestinal strongyle infections in sheep.] Byull. Vses. gelmint. Im. K.I. Skryabina, 20: 31–33.
Lanfranchi, P.S., Reid, J.F.S. and Mondellini, A.C., 1980. The anthelmintic activity of oxfendazole in sheep and cattle in northern Italy. Ann. del. Fac. Med. Vet. Torino, 27: 433–444.
Lee, D.L., 1965. The physiology of nematodes. Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh and London.
Lee, R.M. and Hodsden, M.R., 1963. Cholinesterase activity inHaemonchus contortus and its inhibition by organophosphorous anthelmintics. Biochem Pharmacol., 12: 1241–1252.
LeJambre, L.F., Southcott, W.H. and Dash, K.M., 1977. Development of simultaneous resistance inOstertagia circumcincta to thiabendazole morantel tartrate and levamisole. Int. J. Parasitol., 8: 443–447.
LeJambre, L.F. and Barger, I.A., 1979. Efficiency of rafoxanide and naphthalophos against inhibitedHaemonchus contortus [Correspondence.]. Aust. Vet. J., 55: 346–347.
LeJambre, L.F., Royal, W.M. and Martin, P.J., 1979. The inheritance of thiabendazole resistance inHaemonchus contortus. Parasitology, 78: 107–119.
LeJambre, L.F., Martin, P.J. and Jarrett, R.G., 1982. Comparison of changes in resistance ofHaemonchus contortus eggs following withdrawal of thiabendazole selection. Res. Vet. Sci. 32: 39–43.
Maki, J. and Yanagisawa, T., 1980a. Acid phosphatase activity demonstrated in the nematodes,Dirofilaria immitis andAngiostrongylus cantonensis with special reference to the characters and distribution. Parasitology, 80: 23–28.
Maki, J. and Yanagisawa, T., 1980b. A comparison of the sites of acid phosphatase activity in an adult filaria,Setaria sp. and in some gastro-intestinal nematodes. Parasitology, 81: 603–608.
Malkin, M.F. and Camacho, R.M., 1972. The effect of thiabendazole on fumarate reductase from thiabendazole sensitive and resistantHaemonchus contortus. J. Parasitol, 58: 845–846.
Martin, P.J., LeJambre, L.F. and Claxton, J.H., 1981. The impact of refugia on the development of thiabendazole resistance inHaemonchus contortus. Int. J. Parasitol., 11: 35–41.
Michael, S.A., Higgins, A.J. and El-Refall, A.H., 1979. Oxfendazole anthalmintic activity of Egyptian goats artificially infected with gastrointestinal nematodes. Trop. Animl. Hlth. Prod., 11: 63–68.
Misra, S.C. and Ruprah, N.S., 1971.In vitro effects of anthelmintics ofHaemonchus contortus. Orissa Vet. J., 6: 47–51.
Nari, A., Petraccia, C., Solari, M.A. and Cardozo, H., 1982. The inhibition of larval development of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep with special reference toHaemonchus contortus. Veterinaria, Uruguay, 18: 78–88.
Pappas, P.W. and Read, C.P., 1975. Membrane trasport in helminth parasites. A review. Expl. Parasit., 37: 469–530.
Prichard, R.K., 1970. Mode of action of the anthelmintic thiabendazole inHaemonchus contortus. Nature (London), 228: 684–685.
Prichard, R.K., 1973. The fumarate reductase reaction ofHaemonchus contortus and the mode of action of some anthelmintics. Int. J. Parasitol., 3: 409–417.
Quiroz, H., Herrera, D., Najara, R., Calderon, F., Barrios, Z., Lara, A., Davalos, E., Dominguez, P., Garcia, R. and Ortega, I.V., 1974. Efficacy of cambendazole and rafoxanide against gastrointestinal nematodes andFasciola hepatica in sheep. Tec. Pec. Mexico, 27: 33–38.
Read, C.P., 1966. Nutrition of intestinal parasites. In: E.J.L. Soulsby (Editor), Biology of Parasites, Academic Press, New York, pp. 101–126.
Reinecke, R.K., 1983. Veterinary Helminthology. Butterworth & Co., Durban, South Africa.
Rew, R.S., Smith, C. and Colglazier, M.L., 1982. Glucose metabolism inHaemonchus contortus adults. Effects of thiabendazole on susceptible versus resistant strains. J. Parasitol., 68: 845–850.
Rosa, W.A.J., Niet, R., Lukovich, R. and Rovara, R.J., 1975. [Anthelmintic and ovicidal action of thiophanate (A445) in sheep.] Gac. Vet., 37: 461–468.
Rosa, W.A.J., Niet, R. and Lukovich, R., 1978. [Anthelmintic and ovicidal effects of febendazole in sheep.] Gac. Vet., 40: 208–214.
Rusev, I., 1981. [Testing of some anthelmintics against gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep.] Vet. Sbir., 79: 31–33.
Sanderson, B.E., 1969. Acetylcholinesterase activity inNippostrongylus brasiliensis (Nematoda). Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 29: 1207–1213.
Sanderson, B.E., 1970. The effects of anthelmintics on nematode metabolism. Comp. gen. Parmac., 1: 135–151.
Saz, H.J. and Bueding, E., 1966. Relationships between anthelmintic effects and biochemical and physiological mechanisms. Pharmacol. Rev., 18: 871–894.
Schröder, J., 1981. A field strain ofHaemonchus contortus showing slight resistance to rafaxonide. [Correspondence.]. J. South African Vet. Assoc., 52: 338.
Shastri, S., Mroszczak, E., Prichard, R.K., Parekh, P., Nguyen, T.H., Hennessey, D.R. and Schiltz, R., 1980. Relationship among particle size distribution, dissolution profile, plasma values, and anthelmintic efficacy of oxfendazole. Am. J. Vet., 41: 2095–2101.
Simpkin, K.G. and Coles, G.C., 1978. Instability of benzimidazola resistance in nematode eggs. Res. Vet. Sci., 25: 249–250.
Sobhan, M.A., Maleque, M.A. and Ahmed, S.U., 1976. A comparative study of anthelmintic activities of tetramisole, thiabendazole and rametin on lambs. Bangladesh Vet. J., 10: 1–5.
Soetedjo, R., Beriajaya, D., Henderson, A.W.K. and Kelly, J.D., 1980. Use of disophenol for the control ofHaemonchus contortus in sheep in West Java, Indonasia. Trop Anim. Hlth. Prod., 12: 198–202.
Sood, M.L., 1981.Haemonchus in India. Parasitology, 83: 639–650.
Sood, M.L. and Kapur, J., 1982.Haemonchus of Ruminants—a bibliography of titles. Shikha Publications, Ludhiana.
Sood, M.L. and Kaur, R., 1982. Thein vitro effects of some drugs on the morphology and histochemistry of adult.Haemonchus contortus (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae). Helminthologie, 19: 61–70.
Southcott, W.H., 1963. Ovicidal effect of thiabendazole and its activity against immature helminths of sheep. Aust. Vet. J., 39: 452–458.
Terblanche, H.J.J., 1979. [Trials of febantel. Efficacy against nine nematode species common in sheep.] Gac. Vet., 41: 440–443.
Van Nueten, J.M., 1972. Pharmacological aspects of tetramisole. In: H. Van den Bossche (Editor), Comparative Biochemistry of Parasites, Academic Press, New York, pp. 101–105.
Vlassoff, A. and Kettle, P.R., 1980. Benzimidazola resistance inHaemonchus contortus [Correspondence]. N. Z. Vet. J., 28: 23–24.
Von Wyk, J.A. and Gerber, H.M., 1980. A field strain ofHaemonchus contortus showing slight resistance to rafoxanide. Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res., 47: 137–142.
Webb, R.F., Jackson, A.R.B. and McCully, C.H., 1978. The efficacy of various anthelmintics against field populations ofHaemonchus contontus resistant to thiabendazole. [Correspondence]. Aust. Vet. J., 54: 501–502.
Yorke, R.E. and Turton, J.A., 1974. Effects of fasciolicidal and anti cestode agents on the respiration of isolatedHymenolepis diminuta mitochondria. Z. Parasitenk., 45: 1–10.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kaur, R., Sood, M.L. Effects of anthelmintics onHaemonchus contortus (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae). Vet Res Commun 10, 21–36 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02213962
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02213962