References
St. Barber, Energy resource base for agricultural residues and forage crops. Mid-American Biomass Energy Workshop, Purdue University, May 21, 1979.
H. M. Keener and W. L. Roller, Energy production by field crops. ASAE paper No. 75-3021, ASAE, St. Joseph, MI 49085, 1975.
W. L. Roller et al., Grown organic matter as a fuel raw material source. Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center. Report to NASA, October 1, 1975.
M. Calvin, Hydrocarbons via photosynthesis, Energy Res.1, 299–327 (1977).
E. S. Lipinsky, Fuels from biomass-integration with food and materials system. Science199, 644–651 (1978).
K. A. Zeimetz., Growing energy. USDA Agricultural Economic Report, No. 425, June 1979.
W. E. Larsen et al., Effects of tillage and crop residue removal on erosion, runoff, and plant nutrient. Special Publication No. 25, Soil Conservation Society of America, 1979.
J. Posselius and B. Stout, Crop residue availability for fuel. AEIS No. 440, File 18.8, Cooperative Extension Service, Michigan State University, East Lansing, August 1980.
DOE report. Report of the alcohol fuels policy review, US Department of Energy, Washington, DC 20585, 1979.
J. R. Goss, Food, forest wastes=low Btu fuel. Agric., Engng59, 30–33 (1978).
W. E. Tyner and J. C. Bottum, Agricultural energy production: Economic and policy issues. Bull. No. 240, Department of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, September 1979.
Office of Technology Assessmen: Energy from Biological Processes. Congress of the United States, Washington, DC 20006, July 1980.
W. F. Buchele, Direct combustion of crop residues in boiler furnace. Proc. Conf. Production of Biomass from Grains, Crop Residues, Forages and Grasses for Conversion to Fuels and Chemicals, 1977, p. 312–331.
J. Posselius, C. Myers, B. Stout and J. Sakai, An updraft producer gas generator. AEIS No. 394. Michigan State University, March 1979.
R. H. Hodam, and R. O. Williams, Small-scale gasification of biomass to produce a low Btu gas. Proc. Symposium on Energy from Biomass, 1978.
T. P. Abeles et al., Energy and economic assessment of anaerobic digesters and biofuels for rural waste management. OASIS 2000. University of Wisconsis Center, Barron County, Rice Lake, Wisconsin, June 1978.
D. L. Van Dyne and C. B. Gilbertson, Estimating U. S. livestock and poultry manure and nutrient production. USDA-ESCS Bulletin No. 12, 1978.
R. Ofoli and B. Stout, Making ethanol for fuel on the farm. AEIS No. 421. Cooperative Extension Service, Michigan State University, East Lansing, February 1980.
R. Ofoli and B. Stout, Ethyl alcohol production for fuel: Energy balance. ASAE Energy Symposium, Kansas City, Miss., September/October 1980.
Solar Energy Research Institute. Fuel from farms. A guide to small-scale ethanol production. SERI/SP-451-519 UC-61. Technical Information Center, US Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tenn. 37830, February 1980.
United States Department of Agriculture. Small-scale fuel alcohol production. US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402, March 1980.
American Petroleum Institute. Alcohols-a technical assessment of their application as fuels. API Publication No. 4261, July 1976.
A. Rotz, M. Cruz, R. Wilkinson and B. Stout, Utilization of alcohol in spark-ignition and diesel engines. Extension Bulletin E-1426. Cooperative Extension Service, Michigan State University, East Lansing, July 1980.
Food and Agriculture Organization. FAO expert consulation on energy dropping versus food production. FAO, Rome, June 1980.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Stout, B.A. Agricultural biomass for fuel. Experientia 38, 145–151 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01945066
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01945066