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Limited value of acyclovir in the treatment of uncomplicated herpes zoster: A placebo-controlled study

Begrenzter Wert von Acyclovir in der Therapie des unkomplizierten Herpes zoster: Eine Plazebo-kontrollierte Studie

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Summary

The effect of intravenous acyclovir (at a dosage of 30 mg/kg per day for five days) on uncomplicated herpes zoster was investigated in 51 patients in a double-blind study. Although existing herpes zoster lesions tended to heal more rapidly and new lesions ceased to appear somewhat earlier in the acyclovir group, these differences were not statistically significant. During treatment, patients on acyclovir had significantly lower pain scores than placebo-treated patients. At follow-up, however, there was no difference between the two groups. Complications of herpes zoster occurred only in the placebo groups (generalization in two and keratitis in two cases). With the possible exception of trigeminal zoster or severe pain, acyclovir seems to offer little benefit for immunocompetent patients with herpes zoster.

Zusammenfassung

Die Wirkung von Acyclovir intravenös (in einer Dosis von 30 mg/kg pro Tag für fünf Tage) auf den unkomplizierten Herpes zoster wurde bei 51 Patienten in einer Doppelblindstudie geprüft. Obwohl bei den vorhandenen Herpes zoster-Läsionen eine Tendenz zu rascherer Heilung bestand und das Neuauftreten von Läsionen in der Acyclovir-Gruppe etwas früher aufhörte, waren diese Unterschiede statistisch nicht signifikant. Unter der Behandlung war die Schmerz-Score bei Patienten, die Acyclovir erhielten, signifikant niedriger als bei Patienten, die Placebo erhielten. Bei der Verlaufsbeurteilung fanden sich zwischen den Gruppen jedoch keine Unterschiede. Zu Komplikationen des Herpes zoster kam es nur in der Plazebo-Gruppe (in je zwei Fällen Generalisation und Keratitis). Mit der möglichen Ausnahme des Zoster im Trigeminus-Bereich oder starker Schmerzen scheint Acyclovir bei immunkompetenten Patienten mit Herpes zoster nur von geringem Wert zu sein.

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van den Broek, P.J., van der Meer, J.W.M., Mulder, J.D. et al. Limited value of acyclovir in the treatment of uncomplicated herpes zoster: A placebo-controlled study. Infection 12, 338–341 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01651148

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