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Effect of the cognitive hierarchy in the systematic desensitization treatment of anticipatory nausea in cancer patients: A component comparison with relaxation only, counseling, and no treatment

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Abstract

Ninety-two ambulatory patients being treated with chemotherapeutic drugs for histologically confirmed cancer who had developed nausea in anticipation of treatment were assigned to one of four conditions: (1) systematic desensitization, (2) relaxation only, (3) Rogerian counseling, and (4) notreatment control. Patients received standard clinic treatment with regard to symptom control. All patients were assessed at two baseline chemotherapy treatments prior to intervention and at two follow-up chemotherapy treatments following intervention. Patients in the first three groups were seen for two 1-hour sessions between successive chemotherapy treatments. Relative to the other three groups, patients given systematic desensitization reported a significant decrease in the severity and duration of anticipatory nausea from baseline to follow-up. Both systematic desensitization and relaxation were found to produce a significant decrease in the duration and severity of posttreatment nausea relative to patients who were not treated or given counseling. These results were found to be independent of patients' ratings of their expectation for success, the credibility of the procedure, or the credibility of the experimenter. Results support a view that systematic desensitization is effective for the control and reduction of anticipatory nausea developed during chemotherapy. Anticipatory side effects are thought to be conditioned. These data support such a view. Results further support a view that both the eliciting stimulus hierarchy and counterconditioned relaxation are required parts of the effectiveness found in the systematic desensitization treatment of anticipatory nausea resulting from chemotherapy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 300 Crittenden Boulevard, 14642, Rochester, New York, USA

    Gary R. Morrow (Associate Professor of Oncology in Psychiatry)

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  1. Gary R. Morrow
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This work was supported, in part, by American Cancer Society Research Grant PDT 217 and by research grants CA-11198 and CA-26832 and Research Career Development Award K04 CA01038 from the National Cancer Institute, DHHS. Thanks to Jacque Waight for assistance in the data collection, and to the oncologists, nurses, and staff of the University of Rochester Cancer Center for their help in implementing this and other studies.

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Morrow, G.R. Effect of the cognitive hierarchy in the systematic desensitization treatment of anticipatory nausea in cancer patients: A component comparison with relaxation only, counseling, and no treatment. Cogn Ther Res 10, 421–446 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01173295

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