Summary
A detailed study of the compositional variations of 22 different platinum-group minerals, of Os-Ir-Ru- and Pt-Fe alloys, Pt-Pd- and Ru-Os-Ir sulfides, RhIr-Pt sulfarsenides and Pd-Pt tellurides from various deposits resulted in verification of extensive solid solution series and element substitution within different mineral groups. On the basis of representative new microprobe analyses and related spectral reflectance curves of the platinum-group minerals investigated significant correlations between chemical composition and reflectance are discussed.
Zusammenfassung
Die Untersuchung der chemischen Variation bei 22 Platinmineralen aus der Gruppe der Os-Ir-Ru- und Pt-Fe-Legierungen, Pt-Pd- und Ru-Os-Ir-Sulfide, Rh-Ir-Pt-Sulfarsenide und Pd-Pt-Telluride ergibt signifikante Mischkristallbildung und Element-Substitutionen innerhalb der unterschiedlichen Mineralgruppen. Anhand neuer Mikrosondenanalysen und der zugehörigen spektralen Reflexionskurven der betreffenden Platinminerale werden die Korrelationen zwischen Chemismus und Reflexion diskutiert.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Begizov VD, Zavyalov EN, Khvostova VP (1976) The minerals of the erlichmanite-laurite and hollingworthite-irarsite series from Urals placers. Zap Vses Miner Obshch 105: 213–218
Bowles JFW (1981) The distinctive suite of platinum group minerals from Guma Water, Sierra Leone. Bull Mineral 104: 478–483
——,Atkin D, Lambert JLM (1983) The chemistry, reflectance and cell size of the erlichmanite (OsS2)-laurite (RuS2) series. Min Mag 47: 465–471
Cabri LJ, ed (1981) Platinum-Group elements: mineralogy, geology, recovery. Can Inst Mining Metallurgy, Spec vol 23
——Feather CE (1975) Platinum-iron alloys: a nomenclature based on a study of natural and synthetic alloys. Can Mineral 13: 117–126
——,Harris DC (1975) Zoning in Os Ir alloys and the relation of the geological and tectonic environment of the source rocks to the bulk Pt: Pt + Ir + Os ratio for placers. Can Mineral 13: 266–274
——,Lafamme JHG, Stewart JM (1973) Temagamite, a new palladium-mercury telluride from the Temagami copper deposit, Ontario, Canada. Can Mineral 12: 193–198
—— (1974) Rhodium, platinum and gold alloys from the Stillwater Complex. Can Mineral 12: 339–103
—— (1976) The mineralogy of the platinum-group elements from some copper-nickel deposits of the Sudbury area, Ontario. Econ Geol 71: 1159–1195
——,Stewart JM (1977) Platinum-group minerals from Onverwacht. 11. Platarsite, a new sulfarsenide of platinum. Can Mineral 15: 385–388
——,Rowland JF, Lafamme JHG, Stewart JM (1979) Keith-connite, telluropalladinite and other Pd-Pt tellurides from the Stillwater Complex, Montana. Can Mineral 17: 589–594
——,Traill RJ (1966) New palladium minerals from Norilsk, Western Siberia. Can Mineral 8: 541–550
Criddle AJ, Stanley CJ (1985) Characteristic optical data for cooperite, braggite and vysotskite. Can Mineral 23: 149–162
Feather CE (1976) Mineralogy of Platinum-Group Minerals in the Witwatersrand, South Africa. Econ Geol 71: 1399–1428
Genkin AD, Evstigneeva TL, Troneva NV, Vyalsov LN (1969) Polarite Pd(Pb, Bi), a new mineral from copper-nickel sulfide ores. Zap Vses Miner Obshch 98: 708–715 (in Russian)
——,Vyalsov LN, Evstigneeva TL, Marchukova ID (1972) Moncheite and michenerite from the copper-nickel ores of the Oktyabrskoe ore deposit. Zap Vses Miner Obshch 101: 112–118 (in Russian)
——,Zhuravlev NN, Troneva NV, Muraveva IV (1966) Irarsite, a new sulfarsenide of iridium, ruthenium and platinum. Zap Vses Miner Obshch 95: 700–712 (in Russian)
Hansen M, Anderko K (1958) Constitution of binary alloys, 2nd edn. McGraw Hill, Toronto
Harris DC (1974) Ruthenarsenite and iridarsenite, two new minerals from the Territory of Papua and New Guinea and associated irarsite, laurite and cubic iron-bearing platinum. Can Mineral 12: 280–284
——,Cabri LJ (1973) The nomenclature of the natural alloys of osmium, iridium and ruthenium based on new compositional data of alloys from world-wide occurrences. Can Mineral 12: 104–112
Hoffman E, MacLean WH (1976) Phase relations of michenerite and merenskyite in the PdBi-Te system. Econ Geol 71: 1461–1468
Hulliger F (1964) Crystal structure and optical properties of some cobalt-group chalcogenides. Nature 204: 644–646
Huang WK, Ye XX, Zang YM, Zhuang CF, Feng JM (1974) Biteplatinite-merenskyite system and michenerite from a mining district in China and problems concerning their classification and nomenclature. Geochimica 12: 258–267 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Jen YC, Teng YJ (1973) Isomorphous system RuS2-OsS2-IrS2 and the mineral system PdS-PtS. Geochimica 4, 254–263 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Kingston GA (1966) The occurrence of platinoid bismuthotellurides in the Merensky Reef at Rustenburg Platinum mine in the Western Bushveld. Min Mag 35: 815–834
——,El-Dosuky BT (1982) A contribution on the platinum-group mineralogy of the Merensky Reef at the Rustenburg Platinum Mine. Econ Geol 77: 1367–1384
Loucks RR, McCallum ME (1980) Platinum-group minerals in the New Rambler coppernickel deposit, Wyoming: preliminary report. Proc XIth IMA Meeting, Novosibirsk, vol 1, 200–218
Mihalik P, Jacobsen JBE, Hiemstra SA (1974) Platinum-group minerals from a hydrothermal environment. Econ Geol 69: 257–262
Munsen RA (1968) The synthesis of iridium disulfide and nickel diarsenide having the pyrite structure. Inorg Chem 7: 389–390
Razin LV, Begizov VD, Meshchankina VI (1973) Data on mineralogy of platinum metals in the Talnakh deposit. Trans Res Inst Geol Recon Nonferrous & Noble Metals 108: 95–151
Rucklidge J (1969) Electron microprobe investigations of platinum metal minerals from Ontario. Can Mineral 9: 617–628
Rudman PS (1967) Lattice parameters of some h.c.p. binary alloys of rhenium and osmium: Re-W, Re-Ir, Re-Pt, Os-Ir, Os-Pt. J Less Common Metals 12: 79–81
Shunk FA (1969) Constitution of binary alloys. 2nd supplement, Materials Sci & Eng Series. McGraw Hill, New York, p 720
Skinner BJFD, Luce JA, Dill DE, Ellis HA, Hagan HA, Lewis DM, Odell DA, Sverjensky DA, Williams N (1976) Phase relations in ternary portions of the system Pt-Pd-Fe-As-S. Econ Geol 71: 1469–1475
Snetsinger KG (1971) Erlichmanite (OsS2), a new mineral. Amer Mineral 56: 1501–1506
Stumpfl EF (1972) Compositional variations in the hollingworthite-irarsite group. N Jb Miner Mh 9: 406–415
——,Clark AM (1965) Hollingworthite, a new rhodium mineral, identified by electron probe microanalysis. Amer Mineral 50: 1068–1074
——,Tarkian M (1973) Natural osmium-iridium alloys and iron-bearing platinum: new electron probe and optical data. N Jb Miner Mh 7/8: 313–322
Tarkian M (1981) Zur Bestimmung und Anwendung von optischen Daten in der Erzmineralogie. N Jb Miner Abh 142: 124–138
——,Bernhardt HJ (1984) A key-diagram for the optical determination of platinum-group minerals. Tschermaks Min Petr Mitt 33: 121–129
—Prichard HM (1987) Irarsite-hollingworthite solid solution series and other associated Ru, Os, Ir, Rh bearing PGM's from the Shetland ophiolite complex. Mineral Deposita (in press)
——,Stumpfl EF (1975) Platinum mineralogy of the Driekop Mine, South Africa. Mineral Deposita 10: 71–85
Vacher HC, Bechtoldt CT, Maxwell E (1954) Structure of some iridium-osmium alloys. J Metals 6: p 80
Volborth A, Tarkian M, Stumpfl EF, Housley RM (1986) A survey of the Pd-Pt mineralization along the 35-km strike of the J-M Reef, Stillwater complex, Montana. Can Mineral 24: 329–346
Watkinson DH, Hak J, Morton P, Johan Z (1978) Merenskyite from the Shebandowan nickel-copper mine, northwestern Ontario. Can Mineral 16: 659–663
Yu T, Chou H (1979) Ruarsite, a new mineral. Sci Bull 24: 310–316 (in Chinese)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
With 17 Figures
Contribution to the Ore Mineralogy Symposium (IMA/COM) at the 14th General Meeting of the International Mineralogical Association, at Stanford, California, in July, 1986.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tarkian, M. Compositional variations and reflectance of the common platinum-group minerals. Mineralogy and Petrology 36, 169–190 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01163258
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01163258