Abstract
Glutamine Synthetase (GS) activity was investigated in cerebellum (ce), cerebral cortex (cc), olfactory bulb (ob), and medulla oblongata (mo) of murine dysmyelinating mutants for correlations with modifications of astroglia associated with genetic dysmyelination. One of these mutants, jimpy, develops a strong gliosis throughout the CNS. The other three mutants: shiverer, mld, and quaking, exhibit various astrocytic responses to dysmyelination, but reduced gliosis if any. Comparison between CNS areas in control animals showed a higher GS activity in the olfactory bulb than in the cerebral cortex, medulla, and cerebellum. The developmental patterns of GS activity were similar in mutants and in controls in all four areas investigated. Data on Jimpy suggest that GS activity is not associated with reactive astrocytes.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Skoff, R. P. 1982. Increased proliferation and oligodendrocytes in the hypomyelinated mutant mouse jimpy. Brain Res. 248:19–31.
Baumann, N., Jacque, C., andDupouey, P. 1985. Astrocytes,in S. Fedoroff andA. Vernadakis (eds.), Academic Press, New York (in the press).
Skoff, R. P. 1976. Myelin deficit in the jimpy mouse may be due to cellular abnormalities in astroglia. Nature 264:560–562.
Jacque, C., Lachapelle, F., Collier, P., Raoul, M., andBaumann, N. 1980. Accumulation of GFA, the monomeric precursor of the gliofilaments, during development in normal mice and dysmyelinating mutants. J. Neurosci. Res. 5:379–385.
Hertz, L., Chaban, G., andHertz, E. 1980. Abnormal metabolic response to excess potassium in astrocytes from the jimpy mouse, a convulsing mutant. Brain Res. 181:482–487.
Sapirstein, V. 1983. Development of membrane-bound carbonic anhydrase and glial fibrillary acidic protein in normal and quaking mice. Dev. Brain Res. 6:13–19.
Baumann, N. 1980. Neurological mutations affecting myelination. INSERM Symposium no 14, Elsevier North-Holland Biochemical Press, Amsterdam.
Jacque, C., Privat, A., Dupouey, P., Bourre, J. M., Bird, T. D., andBaumann, N. 1978. Shiverer mouse: a dysmyelinating mutant with absence of major dense line and basic protein in myelin. Page 131,in Neuhoff, V. (ed.). Proc. Eur. Soc. Neurochem. Vol 1 p 131. Verlag-Chemie, Weinheim New York.
Nagaike, K., Mikoshiba, K., andTsukuda, Y., 1982. Dysmyelination of shiverer mutant mice in vivo and in vitro. J. Neurochem. 39:1235–1241.
Ulrich, J., Matthieu, J. M., Herschkowitz, N., Kholer, R., andHeitz, Ph. U. 1983. Immunocytochemical investigations of murine leukodystrophies. Brain Res. 268:267–274.
Matthieu, J. M., andOmlin, F. X. {dy1984}. Murine leukodystrophies as tools to study myelinogenesis in normal and pathological conditions. Neuroped. 15 sup. 37–52.
Van den Berg C. J., 1970. Glutamate and glutamine, Page 355,in A. Lajtha, (ed.) Handbook of Neurochemistry, Vol. 3, Plenum Press, New York.
Martinez-Hernandez, A., Bell, K. P., andNorenberg, M. D. 1977. Glutamine synthetase: glial localization in brain. Science, 195:1356–1358.
Norenberg, M. D., andMartinez-Hernandez, A. 1979. Fine structural localization of glutamine synthetase in astrocytes of rat brain. Brain Res. 161:303–310.
Tardy, M., Rolland, B., Fages, Ch., andCaldani, M. 1984. Astroglial cells: glucocorticoid target cells in the brain. Clin. neuropharmacol. 7:1199–1202.
Caldani, M., Rolland, B., Fages, C., andTardy, M. 1982. Glutamine synthetase activity during mouse brain development. Experientia 38:1199–1202.
Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L., andRandall, R. J. 1951. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193:265–275.
Pishak, M. R., andPhilipps, A. T., 1980. Glucocorticoid stimulation of glutamine synthetase production in cultured rat glioma cell. J. Neurochem. 34:866–872.
Patel, A. J., Hunt, A., andTahourdin, C. S. 1983. Regional development of glutamine synthetase activity in the rat brain and its association with the differentiation of astrocytes. Dev. Brain Res. 8:31–37.
Hallermayer, K., andHamprecht, B. 1984. Cellular heterogeneity in primary cultures of brain cells revealed by immunochemical localization of glutamine synthetase. Brain Res. 295:1–11.
Eng, L. F., Vanderhaegen, J. J., Bignami, A., andGerstl, B. 1971. An acidic protein isolated from fibrous astrocytes. Brain Res. 28:351–354.
Bignami, A., andDahl, D. 1977. Specificity of the glial acidic protein for astroglia. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 25:466–469.
Norenberg, M. 1979. The distribution of glutamine synthetase in the rat central nervous system. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 27:756–762.
Farkas-Bargeton, E., Robain, O., andMandel, P. 1972. Abnormal glial maturation in the white matter in jimpy mice. Acta Neuropath (Berl) 21:272–281.
Simler, S., Randrianrisoa, H., Essayag, S., Ciesielski, L., Ledig, M., andMandel, P. 1976. Free amino acids in the brain of myelin deficient mutants. J. Neurochem. 27:289–291.
Simler, S., Owsianowski, N., Randrianarisoa, H., Ledig, M., andMandel, P. 1974. Biosynthesis of the free amino-acids in the brain of jimpy mice. J. Neurochem. 23:359–363.
Altman, J. 1969. Autoradiographic and histological studies of postnatal neurogenesis. IV, Cell proliferation and migration in the anterior forebrain with special reference to persisting neurogenesis in the olfactory bulb. J. Comp. Neurol. 137:433–458.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jacque, C., Rolland, B., Caldani, M. et al. Absence of correlations between glutamine-synthetase activity and dysmyelination-associated modifications of astroglia in the brain of murine mutants. Neurochem Res 11, 527–533 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00965322
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00965322