Summary
Measurements of the total solar radiation at normal incidence, undertaken at Helwan Observatory, on every clear day and for a period of 10 years, have been studied in terms of the air mass and the sun's altitude. These measurements together with the data available in the literature on diffuse radiation, have led to the evaluation of the hourly rates of total solar radiation on vertical surfaces and south facing surfaces inclined to the horizontal at different tilt angles.
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Elnesr, M.K., Khalil, A.M. Total solar radiation on vertical and inclined surfaces during cloudless days in the U.A.R.. PAGEOPH 60, 217–228 (1965). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00874825
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00874825