Effect of ruthenium, rhodium, and palladium on the coefficient of thermal expansion of iron-nickel and iron-nickel-cobalt alloys

Conclusions

• 1. Alloying 36N and 36NKD with ruthenium and rhodium in amounts of 1–10% increases the coefficient of thermal expansion but has no effect on the Curie point.

• 2. Alloying 36NKD with 5 and 20% Pd at the expense of iron and at the expense of nickel increases the coefficient of thermal expansion and raises the Curie point, although the coefficient of thermal expansion is increased more than the Curie point, which makes it impossible to attain the desired coefficient (5.0·10⁻⁶ deg⁻¹ at 20–700°C).