Skip to main content
Log in

Interaction of the solar wind with the outer planets

  • Published:
Astrophysics and Space Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The hypersonic analog for the interaction of the solar wind with Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto is used to provide estimates of shock shapes and locations as well as average magnetosheath and/or ionosheath properties for these planets. Several representative spacecraft flyby trajectories (designed for outer-planet ‘Grand Tour’ simulations) are superimposed upon a series of figures in order to provide estimates of potential plasma and field parameters which may be encountered. Consideration is given first to the possibility that several of these planets have intrinsic magnetic fields and, secondly, to the interaction of the solar wind directly on the ionosphere should there actually be no intrinsic field. Saturn and Pluto are chosen as examples of this latter case.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Allen, C. W.: 1964,Astrophysical Quantities, 2nd Ed., Chap. 7, The Athlone Press, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Balasubrahamanyan, V. K. and Venkatesan, D.: 1971,Solar Phys. 19, 257.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bavassano, B., Mariani, F., Villante, U., and Ness, N.: 1971,J. Geophys. Res. 76, 5970.

    Google Scholar 

  • Behannon, K. W.: 1968,J. Geophys. Res. 73, 7257.

    Google Scholar 

  • Biermann, L.: 1971,Quart. J. Roy. Astron. Soc. 12, 417.

    Google Scholar 

  • Biermann, L., Brosowski, B., and Schmidt, H. U.: 1967,Solar Phys. 1, 255.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackett, P. M. S.: 1947,Nature 159, 658.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blank, J. L. and Sill, W. R.: 1970,EOS, Trans. Amer. Goephys. Union 51, 371.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bridge, H. S., Lazarus, A. J., Snyder, C. W., Smith, E. J., Davis, L., Jr., and Coleman, P. J., Jr.: 1967,Science 158, 1669.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brosowski, B. and Wegmann, R.: 1972, ‘Numerische Behandlung eines Kometenmodells’, Max-Planck-Institut für Physik und Astrophysik, Report MPI/PAE-Astro 46.

  • Cloutier, P. A.: 1970,Radio Sci. 5, 387.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cloutier, P. A. and Daniell, R. E., Jr.: 1973,Planetary Space Sci. 21, 463.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cloutier, P. A., McElroy, M. B., and Michel, F. C.: 1969,J. Goephys. Res. 74, 6215.

    Google Scholar 

  • Colburn, D. S., Sonett, C. P., and Schwartz, K.: 1972,Earth Planetary Sci. Letters 14, 325.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cuperman, S., Harten, A., and Dryer, M.: 1972,Astrophys. J. 177, 555.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dessler, A. J.: 1968, ‘Ionizing Flux in the Martian Upper Atmosphere’, in J. C. Brandt and M. B. McElroy (eds.),The Atmospheres of Venus and Mars Gordon and Breach Publishers, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dolginov, S. S., Yeroshenko, Y. G., and Zhuzgov, L. N.: 1968,Kosmich. Issled. 6, 561 (alsoCosmic Res. 6, 350, 1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Dryer, M.: 1970,Cosmic Electrodyn. 1, 115.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dryer, M. and Faye-Petersen, R.: 1964, in W. H. Giedt and S. Levy (eds.),Proceedings of the 1964 Heat Transfer and Fluid Mechanics Institute, Stanford University Press, Calif., p. 161.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dryer, M. and Faye-Petersen, R.: 1966,AIAA J. 4, 246.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dryer, M. and Heckman, G. R.: 1967a,Solar Phys. 2, 112.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dryer, M. and Heckman, G. R.: 1967b,Planetary Space Sci. 15, 515.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elco, R. A.: 1969,J. Geophys. Res. 74, 5073.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eviatar, A., Joseph, J. H., and Dryer, M.: 1970,Cosmic Electrodyn. 1, 239; 1971,Cosmic Electrodyn. 2, 89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fjeldbo, G. and Eshleman, V. R.: 1969,Radio Sci. 4, 879.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenstadt, E. W.: 1970,Cosmic Electrodyn. 1, 380.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gringauz, K. I., Bezoukikh, V. V., Volkov, G. I., Breus, T. K., Musatov, L. S., Havkin, L. P., and Sloutchenkov, G. F.: 1972, ‘Preliminary Results of Plasma Electron Component Investigations Along the Orbit of the Satellites of Mars’, Institute for Space Research, Academiia Nauk, Report D-140, Moscow.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haffner, J. W.: 1971,AIAA J. 9, 2422.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hirsh, R. S. and Reshotko, E.: 1971,AIAA Bull 8, 227; 1971,AIAA 4th Fluid and Plasma Dynamics Conference, Palo Alto, June 21–23, 1971, Preprint 71-610.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holzer, Thomas E.: 1972,J. Geophys. Res. 77, 5407.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hundhausen, A. J., Bame, S. J., Asbridge, J. R., and Sydoriak, S. J.: 1970,J. Geophys. Res. 75, 4643.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, F. S. and Midgley, J. E.: 1968, ‘Induced Magnetosphere of Venus’,COSPAR 11th Plenary Meeting, Tokyo.

  • Kennel, C. F.: 1973,Space Sci. Rev. 14, 511.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kovalenko, V. A. and Malyshkin, V. N.: 1971,Geomagn. Aeron. 11, 747.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lazarus, A. J., Bridge, H. S., Davis, J. M. and Snyder, C. W.: 1967, inSpace Research VII, North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam, p. 296.

    Google Scholar 

  • McDonough, T. R. and Brice, N. M.: 1971,The Termination of the Solar Wind, Cornell University CRSR 437.

  • Mead, G. D. and Beard, D. B.: 1964,J. Geophys. Res. 69, 1169.

    Google Scholar 

  • Michel, F. C.: 1971,Comments Astrophys. Space Phys. 3, 27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Montgomery, M. D.: 1972, in C. P. Sonett, P. J. Coleman, Jr., and J. M. Wilcox (eds.),Solar Wind, NASA SP 308 (Asilomar Conference Grounds, Pacific Grove, California, March 21–26, 1971), p. 208.

  • Moroz, V. I.: 1967,Physics of Planets, Moscow, (English Transl.: 1968 NASA Tech. Trans. F-515).

  • Ness, N. F. and Whang, Y. C.: 1971,J. Geophys. Res. 76, 3136.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ness, N. F., Hundhausen, A. J., and Bame, S. J.: 1971,J. Geophys. Res. 76, 6643.

    Google Scholar 

  • Newburn, R. L. Jr., and Gulkis, S.: 1971, JPL Tech. Rpt. 32-1529.

  • Olson, W. P.: 1971,EOS Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union 52, 318.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pugh, E. and Patrick, R.: 1967,Phys. Fluids 10, 2579.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rizzi, A. W.: 1971,Solar-Wind Flow Past the Planets Earth, Mars, and Venus, Ph.D. Dissertation, Stanford University, California (No. 72-5982, University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106, 211 pp).

    Google Scholar 

  • Scarf, F. L.: 1969,Planetary Space Sci. 17, 545.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scarf, F. L.: 1971,J. Geophys. Res. 76, 7769.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scarf, F. L.: 1973,Cosmic Electrodyn. 3, 437.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schuster, A.: 1912,Proc. Phys. Soc. London 24, 121.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shen, W. W.: 1972,Cosmic Electrodyn. 2, 381.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siscoe, G. L.: 1971,Plametary Space Sci. 19, 483.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, E. J., Davis, L., Jr., Coleman, P. J., Jr., and Jones, D. E.: 1965,Science 149, 1241.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sonett, C. P. and Colburn, D. S.: 1967,Nature 216, 340.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sousk, S. F. and Lenchek, A. M.: 1971,Magnetogasdynamic Interactions of the Solar Wind with Planetary Bodies, University of Maryland TR 71-126; based on Ph. D. Dissertation of S. F. Sousk, 1971, University of Maryland, No. 72-1693, University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106.

  • Spitzer, L.: 1962,Physics of Fully Ionized Gases, 2nd ed., Interscience Publishers, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spreiter, J. R. and Alksne, A. Y.: 1970, inAnnual Review of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 2 (ed. by M. V. Van Dyke, W. G. Vincenti, and J. V. Wehausen), Annual Reviews, Inc., Palo Alto, p. 313.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spreiter, J. R. and Rizzi, A. W.: 1972,Planetary Space Sci. 20, 205.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spreiter, J. R., Summers, A. L., and Alksne, A. Y.: 1966,Planetary Space Sci. 14, 223.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spreiter, J. R., Summers, A. L., and Rizzi, A. W.: 1970,Planetary Space Sci. 18, 1281.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sutherland, W.: 1900,Terrest. Mag. Atm. Elect. 5, 73; 1903,Terrest. Mag. Atm. Elect. 8, 49; 1904,Terrest. Mag. Atm. Elect. 9, 167; 1908,Terrest. Mag. Atm. Elect. 13, 155.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vaisberg, O. I., Bogdanov, A. V., Borodin, N. F., Zertzalov, A. A., Polenov, B. V., and Romanov, S. A.: 1972, ‘Solar Plasma Interaction with Mars: Preliminary Results’, Institute for Space Research, Academiia Nauk, Report D-143, Moscow, Report to COSPAR Symposium, Madrid.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wallis, M. K.: 1972a, Submitted toJ. Geophys. Res.

  • Wallis, M. K.: 1972b,Cosmic Electrodyn. 3, 45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, C. P.: 1971,AIAA J. 9, 1148.

    Google Scholar 

  • Warwick, J. W.: 1970, ‘Particles and Fields Near Jupiter’, NASA Report CR-1685.

  • Whang, Y. C.: 1970,Solar Phys. 14, 489.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, H. A.: 1923,Proc. Roy. Soc. London 104, 451.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wolfe, J. H.: 1972, in C. P. Sonett, P. J. Coleman, Jr., and J. M. Wilcox (eds.),Solar Wind, NASA SP 308 (Asilomar Conference Grounds, Pacific Grove, California, Mar. 21–26, 1971), p. 107.

  • Wolfe, J. H. and Intriligator, D. S.: 1970,Space Sci. Rev. 10, 511.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wu, S. T. and Dryer, M.: 1972, in R. Grard (ed.),Proceedings of Symposium on Photon and Particle Interactions with Surfaces in Space, Noordwijk, Holland, September 26–29 (in press).

  • Wu, S. T., Dryer, M., and Fu, T. S.: 1972, ‘Kinetic Description of Solar Wind Interaction With “Small” Celestial Objects’, in K. Karamcheti (ed.)Proceedings of the Eight International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics, Stanford University, July 10–14.

  • Zheleznyakov, V. V.: 1965,Soviet Astron. — AJ 8, 765.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhigulev, V. N. and Romishevskii, E. A.: 1959,Soviet Phys. Dokl. 4, 859.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Dryer, M., Rizzi, A.W. & Shen, WW. Interaction of the solar wind with the outer planets. Astrophys Space Sci 22, 329–351 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00647431

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00647431

Keywords

Navigation