Skip to main content
Log in

Nutritional pattern and eco-physiology ofHortaea werneckii, agent of human tinea nigra

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The life cycle ofHortaea werneckii includes yeast-like, hyphal and meristematic growth. The preponderance of each form of propagation can be influenced by environmental conditions. The clinical entity ‘tinea nigra’ is explained by ecological similarities between supposed natural niches and human hyperhydrotic skin.

The species is recognizable by assimilation of lactose, nitrate and nitrite, no or little growth with L-lysine, cadaverine, creatine and creatinine, and tolerance of 10% NaCl. It generally does not grow at 36°C.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Borelli D (1977)Aureobasidium werneckii: Acervuli, sporodochia, and pycnidia. PAHO Sci. Publ. 356: 79–90

    Google Scholar 

  • Cole GT (1978) Conidiogenesis in the black yeasts. PAHO Sci. Publ. 356: 66–78

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooke WB (1962) A taxonomic study in the ‘black yeasts’. Mycopath. Mycol. Appl. 17: 1–43

    Google Scholar 

  • De Hoog GS (1985) The taxonomic structure ofExophiala. In: Howard DH (Ed) The Fungi Pathogenic for Humans and Animals. Part B-II (pp 327–336). Marcel Dekker, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Dixon DM & Polak-Wyss A (1991) The medically important dematiaceous fungi and their identification. Mycoses 34: 1–18

    Google Scholar 

  • Espinel-Ingroff A, Goldson PR, McGinnis MR & Kerkering TM (1988) Evaluation of proteolytic activity to differentiate some dematiaceous fungi. J. Clin. Microbiol. 26: 301–307

    Google Scholar 

  • Espinel-Ingroff A, McGinnis MR, Pincus DH, Goldson PR & Kerkering TM (1989) Evaluation of the API 20C yeast identification system for the differentiation of some dematiaceous fungi. J. Clin. Microbiol. 27: 2565–2569

    Google Scholar 

  • Gustafson RA, Hardcastle RV & Szaniszlo PJ (1975) Budding in the dimorphic fungusCladosporium werneckii. Mycologia 67: 942–951

    Google Scholar 

  • Hagler AN & Ahearn DG (1981) A rapid DBB test to detect basidiomycetous affinity of yeasts. Int. J. Syst. Bact. 31: 204–208

    Google Scholar 

  • Harris JL (1985)Exophiala werneckii. In: Szaniszlo PJ (Ed) Fungal Dimorphism (pp 197–204). Plenum, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Hermanides-Nijhof EJ (1977)Aureobasidium and allied genera. Stud. Mycol. 15: 141–177

    Google Scholar 

  • Houston MR, Meyer KH, Thomas N & Wolf FT (1970) Dimorphism inCladosporium werneckii. Sabouraudia 7: 195–198

    Google Scholar 

  • Kane J & Summerbell RC (1987) Sodium chloride as aid in identification ofPhaeoannellomyces werneckii and other medically important dematiaceous fungi. J. Clin. Microbiol. 25: 944–946

    Google Scholar 

  • Larsson C, Morales C, Gustafsson L & Adler L (1990) Osmoregulation of the salt-tolerant yeastDebaryomyces hansenii grown in a chemostat at different salinities. J. Bacteriol 172: 1769–1774

    Google Scholar 

  • Lloyd KO (1970) Isolation, characterization, and partial structure of peptido galactomannans from the yeast form ofCladosporium werneckii. Biochemistry 9: 3446–3453

    Google Scholar 

  • — (1970) Molecular organization of a covalent peptido-phospho-polysaccharide complex from the yeast form ofCladosporium werneckii. Biochemistry 11: 3884–3890

    Google Scholar 

  • Mattêde MGS, Coelho CC & Palhano L (1988) Tinha negra palmar. Relato de quatro casos no estado do Espírito Santo. An. Bras. Dermatol. 63: 379–380

    Google Scholar 

  • McGinnis MR (1979) Taxonomy ofExophiala werneckii and its relationship toMicrosporum mansonii. Sabouraudia 17: 145–154

    Google Scholar 

  • McGinnis MR, Schell WA & Carson J (1985)Phaeoannellomyces and the Phaeococcomycetaceae, new dematiaceous blastomycete taxa. Sabouraudia 23: 179–188

    Google Scholar 

  • Miyaji M & Nishimura K (1985) Conidial ontogenesis of pathogenic black yeasts and their pathogenicity for mice. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci., Plant Sci. 94: 437–451

    Google Scholar 

  • Mok WY (1982) Nature and identification ofExophiala werneckii. J. Clin. Microbiol. 16: 976–978

    Google Scholar 

  • Mok WY, Castelo FP & Barreto de Silva MS (1981) Occurrence ofExophiala werneckii on salted freshwater fishOsteoglossum bicirrhosum. J. Food Technol. 16: 505–512

    Google Scholar 

  • Nishimura K & Miyaji M (1984)Hortaea, a new genus to accommodateCladosporium werneckii. Jap. J. Med. Mycol. 25: 139–146

    Google Scholar 

  • Oujezdsky KB, Grove SN & Szaniszlo PJ (1973) Morphological and structural changes during the yeast-to-mold conversion ofPhialophora dermatitidis. J. Bact. 113: 468–477

    Google Scholar 

  • Pereiro Ferreirós M, Pereiro MJr, Alvarez J & Toribio J (1992)Tinea nigra palmaris. J. Mycol. Méd. 2: 113–114

    Google Scholar 

  • Rippon JW (1988) Medical Mycology, 2rd ed. Saunders, Philadelphia, 797 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwyn B & Neilands JB (1987) Universal chemical assay for the detection and determination of siderophores. Anal. Biochem. 160: 47–56

    Google Scholar 

  • Sigler L, Tsuneda A & Carmichael JW (1981)Phaeotheca andPhaeosclera, two new genera of Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes and a redescription ofSarcinomyces Lindner. Mycotaxon 12: 449–467

    Google Scholar 

  • Steadham JE, Geis PA & Simmank JL (1986) Use of carbohydrate and nitrate assimilation in the identification of dematiaceous fungi. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 5: 71–75

    Google Scholar 

  • Takeo K & de Hoog GS (1991) Karyology and hyphal characters as taxonomic criteria inAscomycetous black yeasts. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 60: 35–42

    Google Scholar 

  • Tintelnot K, de Hoog GS, Thomas E, Steudel WI, Huebner K & Seeliger HPR (1991) Cerebral phaeohyphomycosis caused by anExophiala species. Mycoses 34: 239–244

    Google Scholar 

  • Todaro F, Berdar A, Cavaliere A, Criseo G & Pernice L (1983) Gasophthalmus in black sea bream (Spondyliosoma cantharus) caused bySarcinomyces crustaceus Lindner. Mycopathologia 81: 95–97

    Google Scholar 

  • Tokuoka K, Ishitani T & Chung W-C (1992) Accumulation of polyols and sugars in some sugar-tolerant yeasts. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 38: 35–46

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Velsor H & Singletary H (1964)Tinea nigra. Arch. Dermatol. 90: 59–61

    Google Scholar 

  • Von Arx JA (1981) The genera of fungi sporulating in pure culture. 3rd ed. Cramer, Vaduz, 424 pp

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

de Hoog, G.S., van den Ende, A.H.G.G. Nutritional pattern and eco-physiology ofHortaea werneckii, agent of human tinea nigra. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 62, 321–329 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00572601

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00572601

Key words

Navigation