Abstract
We examined the developmental rate of hybrids between rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) and two subspecies of cutthroat trout: westslope cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki lewisi) and Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki bouvieri). These taxa show considerable genetic divergence at 42 structural loci encoding enzymes; the mean Nei's d between the rainbow trout and the two species of cutthroat trout is 0.22. We used four measures of developmental rate: time of hatching and yolk resorption, rate of increase in activity of four enzymes, and time of initial detection of seven isozyme loci. The two cutthroat trout subspecies reached hatching and yolk resorption earlier than rainbow trout. Cutthroat trout had higher relative enzyme activities than rainbow trout from deposition of eye pigment to hatching. There was no difference in the rate of increase in enzyme activity or time of initial expression of these loci between these species. Hybrids showed developmental rates intermediate or similar to that of the parental species using all measures. Our results indicate an absence of regulatory and developmental incompatibility between these taxa.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Allendorf, F. W., and Phelps, S. R. (1981). Isozymes and the preservation of genetic variation in salmonid fishes. Ecol. Bull. (Stockholm) 3437.
Allendorf, F. W., Knudsen, K. L., and Phelps, S. R. (1982). Identification of a gene regulating the tissue expression of a phosphoglucomutase locus in rainbow trout. Genetics 102259.
Allendorf, F. W., Knudsen, K. L., and Leary, R. F. (1983). Adaptive significance of differences in the tissue specific expression of a phosphoglucomutase gene in rainbow trout. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 801397.
Balon, E. K. (1980). Early ontogeny of the lake charr, Salvelinus (Cristivomer) namaycush. In Balon, E. K. (ed.), Charrs, Salmonid Fishes of the Genus Salvelinus. Perspectives in Vertebrate Science I Dr. W. Junk, The Hague, p. 485.
Blanc, J. M., and Chevassus, B. (1979). Interspecific hybridization of salmonid fish. I. Hatching and survival up to the 15th day after hatching in F1 generation hybrids. Aquaculture 1821.
Chevassus, B. (1979). Hybridization in salmonids: Results and perspectives. Aquaculture 17113.
Chevassus, B., Guyomard, R., Chourrout, D., and Quillet, E. (1983). Production of viable hybrids in salmonids by triploidization. Genet. Sel. Evol. 15519.
Danzmann, R. G., Ferguson, M. M., and Allendorf, F. W. (1985). Allelic differences in initial expression of paternal alleles at an isocitrate dehydrogenase locus in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Dev. Genet. 5117.
Elinson, R. P., and Briedis, A. (1981). Triploidy permits survival of an inviable amphibian hybrid. Dev. Genet. 2357.
Engel, W., Kuhl, P., and Schmidtke, J. (1977). Expression of the paternally derived phosphosglucose isomerase genes during hybrid trout development. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 56B103.
Ferguson, M. M., Danzmann, R. G., and Allendorf, F. W. (1985a). Developmental divergence among hatchery strains of rainbow trout. (Salmo gairdneri). I. Pure strains. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. (in press).
Ferguson, M. M., Danzmann, R. G., and Allendorf, F. W. (1985b). Developmental divergence among hatchery strains of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). II. Hybrids. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. (in press).
Goldberg, E., Cuerrier, J. P., and Ward, J. C. (1969). Lactate dehydrogenase ontogeny, parental gene activation and tetramer assembly in embryos of brook trout, lake trout and their hybrids. Biochem. Genet. 2335.
Hitzeroth, H., Klose, J., Ohno, S., and Wolf, U. (1968). Asynchronous activation of parental alleles at the tissue-specific gene loci observed in the hybrid trout during early development. Biochem. Genet. 1287.
Iuchi, I., Suzuki, R., and Yamagami, K. (1974). Ontogenetic expression of larval and adult hemoglobin phenotypes in the intergeneric salmonid hybrids. J. Exp. Zool. 19257.
King, M.-C., and Wilson, A. C. (1975). Evolution at two levels: Molecular similarities and biological differences between humans and chimpanzees. Science 188107.
Klose, J., Hitzeroth, H., Ritter, H., Schmidt, E., and Wolf, U. (1969). Persistence of maternal isoenzyme patterns of the lactate dehydrogenase and phosphoglucomutase system during early development of hybrid trout. Biochem. Genet. 391.
Leary, R. F., Allendorf, F. W., and Knudsen, K. L. (1983). Consistently high meristic counts in natural hybrids between brook trout and bull trout. Syst. Zool. 32369.
Leary, R. F., Allendorf, F. W., and Knudsen, K. L. (1984a). Major morphological effects of a regulatory gene: Pgm1-t in rainbow trout. Mol. Biol. Evol. 1184.
Leary, R. F., Allendorf, F. W., and Knudsen, K. L. (1984b). Introgression between westslope cutthroat and rainbow trout in the Clark Fork River drainage, Montana. Proc. Mont. Acad. Sci. 431.
Nei, M. (1972). Genetic distance between populations. Am. Nat. 106283.
Parker, H. R., Philipp, D. P., and Whitt, G. S. (1985). Relative developmental success of interspecific Lepomis hybrids as an estimate of gene regulatory divergence between species. J. Exp. Zool. 233451.
Philipp, D. P., Parker, H. R., and Whitt, G. S. (1983). Evolution of gene regulation: Isozymic analysis of patterns of gene expression during hybrid fish development. In Ratazzi, M. C., Scandalios, J. G., and Whitt, G. S. (eds.), Isozymes: Current Topics in Biological and Medical Research Alan R. Liss, New York, p. 193.
Schecrer, P. D., and Thorgaard, G. H. (1983). Increased survival in salmonid hybrids by induced triploidy. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 402040.
Schmidtke, J., Kuhl, P., and Engel, E. (1976). Transitory hemizygosity of paternally derived alleles in hybrid embryos. Nature 260319.
Whitt, G. S. (1981). Developmental genetics of fishes: Isozymic analyses of differential gene expression. Am. Zool. 21549.
Whitt, G. S., Cho, P. L., and Childers, W. F. (1972). Preferential inhibition of allelic isozyme synthesis in an interspecific sunfish hybrid. J. Exp. Zool. 179271.
Whitt, G. S., Philipp, D. P., and Childers, W. F. (1977). Aberrant gene expression during the development of hybrid sunfishes (Perciformes, Teleostei). Differentiation 997.
Wilson, A. C., Maxson, L. R., and Sarich, V. M. (1974). Two types of molecular evolution. Evidence from studies of interspecific hybridization. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 712843.
Withler, F. C., and Morley, R. B. (1970). Sex-related parental influences on early development of Pacific salmon. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 272197.
Wright, J. E., Jr., Heckman, J. R., and Atherton, L. M. (1975). Genetic and developmental analysis of LDH isozymes in trout. In Markert, C. L. (ed.), Isozymes, Vol. 3, Developmental Biology Academic Press, New York, p. 375.
Yamauchi, T., and Goldberg, E. (1974). Asynchronous expression of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in splake trout embryos. Dev. Biol. 3963.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This research was supported by NSF Grants ISP-8011449 and BSR-8300039. M.M.F. was supported by a postgraduate scholarship from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ferguson, M.M., Danzmann, R.G. & Allendorf, F.W. Absence of developmental incompatibility in hybrids between rainbow trout and two subspecies of cutthroat trout. Biochem Genet 23, 557–570 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00504290
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00504290