Skip to main content
Log in

A method of quantitating aggressive behaviour revealing possible dissociation of motor activity and aggression

  • Original Investigations
  • Published:
Psychopharmacology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A method is described for quantitating isolation-induced aggression in wild male mice by measuring coarse motor activity. It is based on the operational definition that aggression is the form of motor activity in which two (or more) animals are involved in behaviour patterns, such as physical attack and/or defence including pursuit and flight. Both coarse and fine motor activity were measured by means of an electromagnetic activity meter. Four hundred ninety-two fights occuring among mice treated with various homones, neurotransmitter antagonists, hashish, and cyproterone acetate were recorded; a positive significant correlation (P<0.001) between indices of fighting behaviour as well as fighting time and coarse motor activity were found. The simultaneous measurement of motor activity and aggression revealed dissociated effects of some drugs on non-aggressive fine motor activity and aggression.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Anisman, H.: Effects of scopolamine and d-amphetamine on locomotor activity before and after shock: a diallel analysis in mice. Psychopharmacologia (Berl.) 48, 165–173 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  • Barr, F. A., Gibbons, J. L., Moyer, K. E.: Male-female differences and the influence of neonatal and adult testosterone on intraspecies aggression in rats. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 90, 1169–1183 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bernard, B. K., Finkelstein, E. R., Everett, G. M.: Alterations in mouse aggressive behaviour and brain monoamine dynamics as a function of age. Physiol. Behav. 15, 731–736 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Brain, P. F.: What does individuell housing mean to a mouse? Life Sci. 16, 187–200 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Brain, P. F., Nowell, N. W.: Activity and defecation related to aggressiveness and adrenal stress response in adult laboratory mice. Physiol. Behav. 5, 259–261 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  • Brain, P. F., Nowell, N. W., Wouters, A.: Some relationships between adrenal function and the effectiveness of a period of isolation in inducing intermale aggression in albino mice. Physiol. Behav. 6, 27–28 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Cahoon, D. D.: A behavioristic analysis of aggression. Physiol. Rec. 22, 463–476 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, L. D.: A comparative view of aggressive behaviour. Am. J. Psychiatry 119, 336–341 (1962)

    Google Scholar 

  • Connor, J. L.: Genetic mechanisms controlling the domestication of a wild house mouse population (Mus musculus L.). J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 89, 118–130 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Coscina, D. V., Goddman, J., Godse, D. D., Stanger, H. C.: Taming effects of handling on 6-hydroxydopamine induced rage. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 3, 525–528 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Crowcroft, P., Rowe, F. P.: Social organization and territorial behaviour in the wild house mouse (Mus musculus L.). Proc. Zool. Soc. London 140, 517–531 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  • Duijker, H. C. J.: Some introductory remarks on the concept of behaviour. Psychiatr. Neurol. Neurochir. (Amst.) 72, 439–445 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ely, D. L., Greene, E. G., Henry, J. P.: Minicomputer monitored social behavior of mice with hippocampus lesions. Behav. Biol. 16, 1–29 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  • Erkinaro, E.: Free-running circadian rhythm in wood mouse (Apodemus flavicollis Melch.) under natural light-dark-cycle. Experientia 25, 649 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gianutsos, G., Hynes, M. D., Lal, H.: Enhancement of morphine-withdrawal and apomorphin-induced aggression by clonidine. Psychopharmacol. Commun. 2, 165–171 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  • Grant, E. C.: An analysis of the social behaviour of the male laboratory rat. Behaviour 21, 260–281 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  • Guttman, R., Naftali, G., Nevo, E.: Aggression patterns in three chromosome forms of the mole rat, Spalax Ehrenbergi. Anim. Behav. 23, 485–493 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Huck, W., Price, E. O.: Effects of the post-weaning environment on the climbing behavior of wild and domestic norway rats. Anim. Behav. 24, 364–371 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  • Iorio, L. C., Ryan, E. A., Gogerty, J. H.: Combination of selected CNS depressants with d-amphetamine or mazindol on food intake and motor activity of rats. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 36, 89–94 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  • Johst, V.: Vergleichende Untersuchungen des agonistischen Verhaltens einiger Arten von Clethrionomys. Z. Tierpsychol. 24, 558–579 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kane, N. L., Knutson, J. F.: Influence of colony lighting conditions on home-cage spontaneous aggression. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 90, 889–897 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  • Knutson, J. F., Hynan, M. T., Kane, N. L.: Influence of home-cage lighting conditions on shock-induced fighting. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 90, 877–888 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  • Lagerspetz, K.: Studies on the aggressive behaviour of mice. Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn. B. 131, 1–131 (1964)

    Google Scholar 

  • Levine, L., Diakow, C. A., Barsel, G. E.: Interstrain fighting in male mice. Anim. Behav. 13, 52–58 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  • Malmnäs, C.-O., Meyerson, B. I.: p-Chlorophenylalanine and copulatory behaviour in the male rat. Nature 232, 398–400 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Matte, A. C.: Das Kampfverhalten der wilden Hausmaus (Mus musculus L.) und seine Beeinflußbarkeit durch Hypophysenhormone und Haschisch. Thesis, Univ. Hamburg, 1–145 (1973)

  • Matte, A. C.: Effects of hashish on isolation induced aggression in wild mice. Psychopharmacologia (Berl.) 45, 125–128 (1975a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Matte, A. C.: Effect of isolation induced aggression in mice on serum creatine kinase. Psychopharmacologia (Berl.) 42, 209–210 (1975b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Matte, A. C.: Dissociated behavioural effects of TSH on motor activity, aggression and emotionality in isolated wild male mice. IRCS Medical Science: Neurobiology 6, 205 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  • Matte, A. C., Fabian, E.: The effect of cyproterone acetate on motor activity, aggression, “emotionality”, body weight and testes in wild mice. Andrologia 10, 155–162 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  • Matte, A. C., Seifert, R.: Activity of creatine kinase in mice under various stress situations. Aggress. Behav. 4, 19–29 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  • Matte, A. C., Tornow, H.: Parachlorophenylalanine produces dissociated effects on aggression, “emotionality” and motor activity. Neuropharmacology 17, 555–558 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  • Messeri, P., Eleftheriou, B. E., Overio, A.: Dominance behavior: A phylogenetic analysis in the mouse. Physiol. Behav. 14, 53–58 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pöschlová, N., Masek, K., Krsiak, M.: Facilitated intermale aggression in the mouse after 6-hydroxydopamine administration. Neuropharmacology 15, 403–407 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  • Poole, T. B., Morgan, H. D.: Aggressive behaviour of male mice (Mus musculus) towards familiar and unfamiliar opponents. Anim. Behav. 23, 470–479 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Poole, T. B., Morgan, H. D.: Social and territorial behaviour of laboratory mice (Mus musculus L.) in small complex areas. Anim. Behav. 24, 476–480 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ray, O. S., Barrett, R. J.: Behavioral pharmacological, and biochemical analysis of genetic differences in rats. Behav. Biol. 15, 391–417 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rottman, S. J., Snowdon, C. T.: Demonstration and analysis of an alarm pheromone in mice. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 81, 483–490 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sieck, G., Ramaley, J. A.: Effects of early handling upon puberty correlations with adrenal stress responsiveness. Physiol. Behav. 15, 487–489 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sofia, R. D., Salama, A. I.: Circadian rhythm for experimentally induced aggressive behaviour in mice. Life Sci. 9, 331–338 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  • Svensson, T. H., Thieme, G.: An investigation of a new instrument to measure motor activity of small animals. Psychopharmacologia (Berl.) 14, 157–163 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  • Syme, G. J.: Competitive orders as measures of social dominance. Anim. Behav. 22, 931–940 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Thor, D. H., Ghiselli, W. B.: Visual and social determinants of shock-elicited aggressive responding in rats. Anim. Learn. Behav. 2, 74–76 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Valzelli, L.: The “isolation syndrome” in mice. Psychopharmacologia (Berl.) 31, 305–320 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Valzelli, L., Bernasconi, S., Cusumano, G.: Annual and daily changes in brain serotonin content in differentially housed mice. Neuropsychobiology 3, 35–41 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  • Vossen, J. H. H.: The possible utility of quantification of behaviour in psychiatry. Psychiatr. Neurol. Neurochir. (Amst.) 72, 481–489 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zwirner, P. P., Porsolt, R. D., Loew, D. M.: Inter-group aggression in mice. A new method for testing the effects of centrally active drugs. Psychopharmacologia (Berl.) 45, 133–138 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Matte, A.C. A method of quantitating aggressive behaviour revealing possible dissociation of motor activity and aggression. Psychopharmacology 60, 247–251 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00426663

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00426663

Key words

Navigation