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Drug resistance plasmids

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Conclusion

The discovery of chemotherapeutic agents brought remarkable progress to the practice of medicine and to human and animal hygiene. In addition, improved sanitation and preventive medicine have protected human beings from infectious diseases caused by known pathogenic bacteria. As a result, the types of bacteria that play leading roles in infectious diseases have changed. These microoganisms readily cause infection, they are parasitic, and they carry multiple drug resistance as a result of the use of chemotherapeutic agents. Thus, mutiply resistant organisms have become prevalent and particular strains have become stabilized in hospitals and farms.

The presence of conjugative (R) and nonconjugative (r) resistance plasmids in these bacterial strains has compounded the problems for the practice of medicine, livestock hygiene, and the fish culture industry. Rapid acquisition of drug resistance by bacteria and delays in finding new drugs have created new biological hazards for human beings.

The discovery of resistance plasmids opened new research fields in genetics and molecular biology; it became clear that multiply resistant bacteria could develop quickly and spread rapidly all over the world. The genes governing replication, self-regulation, conjugal transmission and drug resistance, including transposon, are the most fascinating problems in biology. And the prevalence of drug resistance plasmids has broadened our perspective on the role that genetic exchanges play in the natural history of bacterial species.

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Mitsuhashi, S. Drug resistance plasmids. Mol Cell Biochem 26, 135–181 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00423044

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