Skip to main content
Log in

Physical mapping of the lysozyme gene family in cattle

Mammalian Genome Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Amplification of an ancestral lysozyme gene in artiodactyls is associated with the evolution of foregut fermetation in the ruminant lineage and has resulted in about ten lysozyme genes in true ruminants. Hybridization of a cow stomach lysozyme 2 cDNA clone to restricted DNAs of a panel of cowxhamster hybrid cell lines revealed that all but one of the multiple bovine-specific bands segregate concordantly with the marker for bovine syntenic group U3 [Chromosome (Chr) 5]. The anomalous band was subsequently mapped to bovine syntenic group U22 (Chr 7) with a second panel of hybrids representing all 31 bovine syntenic groups. By two-dimensional pulsed-field gel electrophoresis the lysozyme genes on cattle Chr 5 were shown to be clustered on a 2- to 3-Mb DNA fragment, while the lactalbumin gene and pseudogenes that are paralogous and syntenic with the lysozymes were outside the lysozyme gene cluster. Chromosomal fluorescence in situ hybridization of a cocktail of lysozyme genomic clones localized the lysozyme gene cluster to cattle Chr 5 band 23, corroborating the somatic cell assignment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Davies, M.S., West, L.F., Davis, M.B., Povey, S., Craig, R.K. (1987). The gene for human alpha-lactalbumin is assigned to chromosome 12q13. Ann. Hum. Genet. 51, 183–188.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fries, R., Threadgill, D.W., Hediger, R., Gunawardana, A., Blessing, M., Jorcano, J.L., Stranzinger, G., Womack, J.E. (1991) Mapping of bovine cytokeratin sequences to four different sites on three chromosomes. Cytogenet. Cell. Genet. 57, 135–141.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gallagher, D.S., Jr., Womack, J.E. (1992). Chromosome conservation in the Bovidae. J. Hered. 83, 287–298.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gallagher, D.S., Jr., Bastur, P.K., Womack, J.E. (1992). Identification of an autosome to X chromosome translocation in the domestic cow. J. Hered. 83, 451–453.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hurley, W.L., Schuler, L.A. (1987). Molecular clones and nucleotide sequence of a bovine α-lactalbumin cDNA. Gene (Amst) 61, 119–122.

    Google Scholar 

  • Irwin, D.M., Wilson, A.C. (1989). Multiple cDNA sequences and the evolution of the bovine stomach lysozymes. Characterization of cDNA clones from sheep and deer. J. Biol. Chem. 264, 11387–111393.

    Google Scholar 

  • Irwin, D.M., Sidow, A., White, R.T., Wilson, A.C. (1989). Multiple genes for ruminant lysozymes. In The Immune Response to Structurally Defined Proteins: The Lysozyme Model, S.J. Smith-Gill and E.E. Sercarz, eds. (Guilderland, N.Y.: Adeine Press), pp. 73–85.

    Google Scholar 

  • Irwin, D.M., Prager, E.M., Wilson, A.C. (1992). Evolutionary genetics of ruminant lysozymes. Anim. Genet. 23, 193–202.

    Google Scholar 

  • Irwin, D.M., White, R.T. Wilson, A.C. (1993). Characterization of the cow stomach lysozyme genes: repetitive DNA and concerted evolution. J. Mol. Evol., in press.

  • ISCNDA 1989 (1990). International System for Cytogenetic Nomenclature of Domestic Animals. D. Di Berdino, H. Hayes, R. Fries, and S. Long, eds. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 53, 65–79.

  • McKenzie, H.A., White, F.H., Jr. (1991). Lysozyme and α-lactalbumin: structure, function, and interrelationships. Adv. Prot. Chem. 41, 173–315.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nitta, K., Sugai, S. (1989). The evolution of lysozyme and α-lactalbumin. Eur. J. Biochem. 182, 111–182.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peters, C.W.B., Kruse, U., Pollwein, R., Grzeschik, K.H., Sippel, A.E., (1989). The human lysozyme gene. Eur. J. Biochem. 182, 507–516.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prager, E.M., Wilson, A.C. (1988). Ancient origin of lactalbumin from lysozyme: analysis of DNA and amino acid sequences. J. Mol. Evol. 27, 326–335.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reading Conference (1980). Proceedings of the first international conference for the standardization of banded karyotypes of domestic animals. Hereditas 92, 145–162.

  • Ryan, A.M., Gallagher, D.S., Womack, J.E. (1992). Syntenic mapping and chromosomal localization of bovine α and β interferon genes. Mammalian Genome 3, 575–578.

    Google Scholar 

  • Soulier, S., Mercier, J.C., Vilotte, J.L., Anderson, J., Clark, A.J., Provot, C. (1989). The bovine and ovine genomes contain multiple sequences homologous to the α-lactalbumin-encoding gene. Gene (Amst) 83, 331–338.

    Google Scholar 

  • Threadgill, D.W., Womack, J.E. (1990a). Syntenic conservation between humans and cattle: I. human chromosome 9. Genomics 8, 22–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Threadgill, D.W., Womack, J.E. (1990b). Genomic analysis of the major bovine milk protein genes. Nuclei Acids Res. 18, 6935–6942.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Ommen, G.J.B. Verkerk, J.M.H. (1986). Restriction analysis of chromosomal DNA in a size range up to two million base pairs by pulsed field gradient electrophoresis. In Human Genetic Diseases: A Practical Approach K.E. Davies, ed. (Oxford: IRL Press), pp. 113–133.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walter, M.A., Cox, D.W., (1989). A method for two-dimensional DNA electrophoresis (2D-DE): application to the immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region. Genomics 5, 157–159.

    Google Scholar 

  • Womack, J.E., Moll, Y.D. (1986). Gene map of the cow: conservation with mouse and man. J. Hered. 77, 2–7.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Gallagher, D.S., Threadgill, D.W., Ryan, A.M. et al. Physical mapping of the lysozyme gene family in cattle. Mammalian Genome 4, 368–373 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00360587

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00360587

Keywords

Navigation