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Myelin basic protein in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases

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Summary

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 105 patients was analyzed by radio-immunoassay for the presence of material cross-reactive with peptide 89–169 of bovine myelin basic protein (BP).

In a group of 72 multiple sclerosis patients, 52 showed higher BP content than the control group, i.e. more than 2 ng/ml CSF. Increased BP or BP fragments could be detected in CSF from almost all patients who recently (within 2 weeks) had had an acute episode, or after deterioration in the progressive form of the disease. Fifteen to 30 days after the onset of exacerbation or in a stable period, BP content decreases and in the slowly progressive form was in the range of the control group with one exception.

BP content was also elevated in the CSF of patients with other neurological diseases. The presence of BP in the CSF from patients with isolated retrobulbar neuritis is of particular interest. Thus the presence of material cross-reactive with BP fragment 89–169 is not specific for multiple sclerosis, but is a useful parameter in diagnosis and evaluation of MS.

Zusammenfassung

Mit Hilfe eines Radioimmunoassays wurde der Liquor von 105 Patienten auf Substanzen untersucht, die mit dem Fragment 89–169 des bovinen basischen Myelinproteins (BP) kreuzreagieren. Von 72 Patienten mit Multipler Sklerose hatten 52 einen höheren BP-Gehalt im Liquor als die Kontrollgruppe, d.h. mehr als 2 ng/ml. Dies war bei fast all jenen Patienten der Fall, bei denen der Liquor innerhalb von 2 Wochen nach einem akuten Schub bzw. zum Zeitpunkt einer deutlichen Verschlechterung des Zustandes bei der chronisch-progredienten Form gewonnen wurde. Der BP-Gehalt des Liquors nimmt zwischen dem 15. und 30. Tag nach Schubbeginn deutlich ab. In der schleichenden progredienten Form wurde mit einer Ausnahme kein erhöhter BP-Gehalt gefunden.

Das basische Myelinprotein ist aber auch im Liquor von Patienten mit anderen neurologischen Erkrankungen zu finden. Hervorzuheben ist das Auftreten von BP im Liquor von Patienten mit Retrobulbär-neuritis.

Der Nachweis von mit Bruchstück 89–169 kreuzreagierenden Substanzen im Liquor ist infolgedessen zwar nicht spezifisch für die Multiple Sklerose, ist aber ein wertvoller Parameter in der Diagnose und Einschätzung der MS.

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Biber, A., Englert, D., Dommasch, D. et al. Myelin basic protein in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases. J Neurol 225, 231–236 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00313295

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00313295

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