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Clinical staging of bladder carcinoma

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Summary

The TNM staging system for carcinoma of the bladder is reviewed and compared with the Jewett-Strong-Marshall classification system.

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References

  1. Jewett, H. J., Strong, G. H.: Infiltrating carcinoma of bladder; relation of depth of penetration of bladder wall to incidence of local extension and metastases. Journal of Urology 55, 366 (1946)

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  2. Marshall, V. F.: The relation of the pre-operative estimate to the pathologic demonstration of the extent of vesical neoplasms. Journal of Urology 68, 714 (1952)

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  3. Wallace, D. M., Chisholm, G. D., Hendry, W. F.: T. N. M. classification for urological tumours. British Journal of Urology 47, 1 (1975)

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  4. World Health Organisation: Histological typing of urinary bladder tumours. Geneva (1973)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Karolinska Sjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden

    Lennart Andersson

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  1. Lennart Andersson
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Andersson, L. Clinical staging of bladder carcinoma. Urol. Res. 6, 185–186 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00262613

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00262613

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