Abstract
A.c. impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate the properties of a stainless steel tube, heavily scaled with calcium carbonate, and exposed to an aqueous environment. An equivalent circuit was developed to quantitatively model the observed behaviour and the results provide a possible basis for indirect monitoring of the scaling of pipes which cannot be directly viewed.
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Compton, R.G., Brown, C.A. Ac impedance spectroscopy of calcium carbonate scales. J Appl Electrochem 23, 203–211 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00241910
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00241910