Abstract
Ginkgo biloba cells were cultured in two 500 mL shake flasks and in 2 L and 6 L immobilization bioreactors using MS medium supplemented with 1 mg.L−1 NAA, 0.1 mg.L−1 K and 30 g.L−1 sucrose. Specific growth rates were 0.06 d−1, 0.11 d−1 and 0.07 d−1 for the 2 L and 6 L bioreactors and shake flask cultures, respectively. Extracellular phosphate, nitrate, ammonium and carbohydrate uptake rates of the bio reactor cultures were approximately 17 to 39% slower than those of shake flask cultures. The specific oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide transfer rates of immobilized Ginkgo biloba cells ranged from 0.027 to 0.041 mmol O2.g−1.d.w.hr−1 (maximum uptake at 14 days) and 0.020 to 0.057 mmol CO2g. −1.d.w.hr−1 (maximum production at 14 days). Extracts from the biomass of the two immobilized and shake flask suspension cultures were analysed for ginkgolide A by GC-MS. Yields of 7, 17, 19 and 7 ng.g. −1d.w. of ginkgolide A were determined for shake flask 1, shake flask 2 and the 2 L and 6 L immobilized cultures, respectively. Traces of ginkgolide B were detected with the signal to noise ratio, however, being too low for positive confirmation of this last product.
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Abbreviations
- CTR:
-
Carbon dioxide transfer rate
- DO:
-
Dissolved oxygen
- g.d.w.:
-
Gram dry weight
- GA:
-
Ginkgolide A
- GB:
-
Ginkgolide B
- GC:
-
Gas chromatography
- GC-MS:
-
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
- HPLC:
-
High performance liquid chromatography
- K:
-
Kinetin
- MS:
-
Murashige and Skoog salt medium
- N1K1MS:
-
Complete Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 1 mg.L−1 NAA, 0.1 mg.L−1 K and 30g.L−1 sucrose
- NAA:
-
Naphthaleneacetic acid
- OTR:
-
Oxygen transfer rate
- PAF:
-
Platelet Aggregating Factor
- qCO2 :
-
Specific carbon dioxide production rate
- qO2 :
-
Specific oxygen uptake rate
- u:
-
Specific growth rate
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Communicated by J. M. Widholm
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Carrier, DJ., Chauret, N., Mancini, M. et al. Detection of ginkgolide A in Ginkgo biloba cell cultures. Plant Cell Reports 10, 256–259 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00232570
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00232570