Abstract
The inheritance of 15 enzymes, comprising at least 22 genetic loci, was investigated in crosses between sexual diploid individuals of Taraxacum sections Vulgaria and Mongolica. Patterns were consistent with simple Mendelian segregation. From the inheritance information isozyme phenotypes in agamospermous plants from natural populations were inferred. In some crosses part or all of the progeny originated from self-fertilization, sofar a very rare phenomenon in the sections Vulgaria and Mongolica. It is possible that the probability of self-fertilization increases after pollination by triploid pollen, affecting the cohabitation dynamics of the various ploidy components in mixed natural stands.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ayala, F. J., Powell, J. R., Tracey, M. L. Mourão, C. A. & Pérez-Salas, S., 1972. Enzyme variability in the Drosophila willistoni group. IV. Genic variation in natural populations of Drosophila willistoni. Genetics 70: 113–139.
Brown, A. H. D., 1979. Enzyme polymorphism in plant populations. Theoret. Pop. Biol. 15: 1–42.
Ciferri, O., Sora, S. & Tiboni, O., 1969. Effect of gene dosage on tryptophane synthetase activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 61: 567–576.
DeMaggio, A. E. & Lambrukos, J., 1974. Polyploidy and gene dosage effects on peroxidase activity in ferns. Biochem. Genet. 12: 429–440.
Den Nijs, J. C. M. & Van der Hulst, A., 1988. Cytogeography of Taraxacum section Erythrosperma: diploid sexuals in SE and SW Europe. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 110: 83–93.
Den Nijs, J. C. M. & Sterk, A. A., 1980. Cytogeographical studies of Taraxacum sect. Taraxacum (= sect. Vulgaria) in central Europe. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 101: 527–554.
Den Nijs, J. C. M. & Sterk, A. A., 1984a. Cyteogeography of Taraxacum sectio Taraxacum and sectio Alpestria in France and some adjacent parts of Italy and Switzerland, including som taxonomic remarks. Acta bot. neerl. 33: 1–24.
Den Nijs, J. C. M. & Sterk, A. A., 1984b. Cytogeography and cytotaxonomy of some Taraxacum sections in Belgium and northern France. Acta bot. neerl. 33: 431–455.
Elzinga, D., Van de Kamp, J., Den Nijs, J. C. M. & Sterk, A. A., 1987. Cytogeography and ecology of diploids and triploids of Taraxacum section Taraxacum in South Limburg, Netherlands. Proc. Neth. Ac. Sci. Ser. C. 90: 431–442.
Ford, H. & Richards, A. J., 1985. Isozyme variation within and between Taraxacum agamospecies in a single locality. Heredity 55: 289–291.
Fürnkranz, D., 1961. Cytogenetische Untersuchungen an Taraxacum im Raume von Wien. II. Hybriden zwischen T. officinale und T. palustrè. Österr. Bot. Z. 108: 408–415.
Fürnkranz, D., 1966. Untersuchungen an Populationen des Taraxacum officinale-Komplexes im Kontaktgebict der diploiden und polyploiden Biotypen. Österr. Bot. Z. 113: 427–447.
Gottlieb, L. D., 1982. Conservation and duplication of isozymes in plants. Science 216: 373–380.
Gottlieb, L. D., 1987. Phosphoglucomutase and isocitrate dehydrogenase gene duplications in Layia (Compositae). Amer. J. Bot. 74: 9–15.
Hughes, J. & Richards, A. J., 1985. Isozyme inheritance in diploid Taraxacum hybrids. Heredity 54: 245–249.
Jenniskens M.-J. P. J., 1984. Aspects of the biosystematics of Taraxacum section Taraxacum. PhD thesis, University of Amsterdam.
Lyman, J. C. & Ellstrand, C., 1984. Clonal diversity in Taraxacum officinale (Compositae), an apomict. Heredity 53: 1–10.
Mogie, M., 1985. Morphological, developmental and electrophoretic variation within and between obligately apomictic Taraxacum species. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 24: 207–216.
Morita, T., 1976. Geographical distribution of diploid and polyploid Taraxacum in Japan. Bull. Natn. Sci. Mus., Ser. B 2: 23–38.
Morita, T., 1980. A search for diploid Taraxacum in Korea and eastern China, by means of pollen observations on herbarium specimens. Journ. Jap. Bot. 55: 33–44.
Morita, T., Menken, S. B. J. & Sterk, A. A. Hybridization between European and Asian dandelians (Taraxacum sect. Vulgaria and sect. Monogolica). I. Crossability and break-down of self-incompatibility New Phytol. (in press).
Mühlbach, H. & Schnarrenberg, C., 1978. Properties and intracellular distribution of two phosphoglucomutases from spinach leaves. Planta 141: 65–70.
Müller, U., 1972. Zytologisch-embryologische Beobachtungen an Taraxacum-Arten aus der Sektion Vulgaria Dahlst. in der Schweiz. Ber. Geobot. Inst. ETH, Stiftung Rübel 41: 48–55.
Richards, A. J., 1970. Hybridization in Taraxacum. New Phytol. 69: 1103–1121.
Richards, a. J., 1986. Plant Breeding Systems. George Allen and Unwin, London.
Ridgway, G. J.,, Sherburne, S. W. & Lewis, R. D., 1970. Polymorphisms in the esterases of Atlantic herring. Trans. Am. Fisherics Soc. 99: 147–151.
Riesenberg, L. H. & Soltis, D. E., 1987. Phosphoglucomutase in Helianthus debilis: a polymorphism for isoenzyme number. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 15: 545–548.
Roose, M. L. & Gottlieb, L. D., 1980. Biochemical properties and level of expression of alcohol dehydrogenase in the allotetraploid plant Tragopogon miscellus and its diploid progenitors. Biochem. Genet. 18: 1065–1085.
Shields, C. R., Orton, T. J. & Stuber, C.W., 1983. An outline of general resource needs and procedures for the electrophoretic separation of active enzymes from plant tissue. In: S. D. Tanksley and T. J. Orton, (eds), Isozymes in Plant Genetics and Breeding, Part A. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 443–468.
Simcox, P. D. & Dennis, D. T., 1978. Isoenzymes of the glycolytic and pentose phosphate pathways in proplastids from the devloping endosperm of Ricinis communis L. Plant Physiol. 61: 871–877.
Soltis, P. S., soltis, D. E. & Gottlieb, L. D., 1987. Phosphoglucomutase gene duplications in clarkia (Onagraceae) and their phylogenetic implications. Evolution 41: 667–671.
Sokal, R. R. & Rohlf, F. J., 1981. Biometry. Freeman, New York.
Sterk, A. A., 1987. Aspects of the population biology of sexual dandelions in the Netherlands. In: A. H. L. Huiskes, C. W. P. M. Blom and J. Rozema (eds), Vegetation between land and sea. Junk, Dordrecht, pp. 284–290.
Vallejos, C. E., 1983. Enzyme activity staining. In: S. D. Tanksley and T. J. Orton (eds), Isozymes in Plant Genetics and Breeding, Part A. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 495–516.
Van Oostrum, H., Sterk, A. A. & Wijsman, H. J. W., 1985. Genetic variation in agamospermous microspecies of Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma and sect. Obliqua. Heredity 55: 223–228.
Weeden, N. F. & Gottlieb, L. D., 1980. Isolation of cytoplasmic enzymes from pollen. Plant Physiol. 66: 440–403.
Williams, D. A., 1976. Improved likelihood ratio tests for complete contingency tables. Biometrika 63: 33–37.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Menken, S.B.J., Morita, T., Wardenaar, E.C.P. et al. Genetic interpretation of enzyme variation in sexual and agamospermous taxa of Taraxacum sections Vulgaria and Mongolica . Genetica 78, 111–119 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00058842
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00058842