Skip to main content

Maintenance Algorithms for 0-Complete Trees with Improved Space Utilization

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Future Data and Security Engineering. Big Data, Security and Privacy, Smart City and Industry 4.0 Applications (FDSE 2023)

Part of the book series: Communications in Computer and Information Science ((CCIS,volume 1925))

Included in the following conference series:

  • 415 Accesses

Abstract

A compact 0-complete tree is an indexing mechanism that can be effectively used for large databases with long and variable-size keys. Compared to B-trees, compact 0-complete trees eliminate search values from secondary indices altogether. They are replaced with small surrogates whose relatively short representation is adequate for most practical key lengths. Hence the secondary indices are simply hierarchical collections of (surrogate, pointer)-pairs. However, the overall storage performance of a compact 0-complete tree structure suffers from its dependency on the distribution of keys. We complete our previous study of structural modification of 0-complete trees, which improves their space utilization by reducing page-underfilling, with the design and implementation of coupled retrieval and maintenance algorithms. This is achieved by introducing the notion of a sequence set that is analogous to that of B\(^{+}\)-trees.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Comer, D.: The ubiquitous B-tree. ACM Comput. Surv. 11(2), 121–137 (1979)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Dai, H.K., Furusawa, K.: Improving the storage utilization of \(0\)-complete trees as index structures. In: Dang, T.K., Kung, J., Chung, T.M. (eds.) Future Data and Security Engineering. Big Data, Security and Privacy, Smart City and Industry 4.0 Applications. FDSE 2022. CCIS, vol. 1688, pp. 88–102 Springer, Singapore (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8069-5_6

  3. Dai, H.K., Furusawa, K.: On the storage utilization of \(0\)-complete trees as index structures. Computer Science Department, Oklahoma State University, Technical report TR-23-01, October 2023

    Google Scholar 

  4. Fagin, R., Nievergelt, J., Pippenger, N., Strong, H.R.: Extendible hashing – a fast access method for dynamic files. ACM Trans. Database Syst. 4(3), 315–344 (1979)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Folk, M.J., Zoellick, B.: File Structures, Second Edition. Addison-Wesley, Boston (1992)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Fredkin, E.: Many-way information retrieval. Commun. ACM 3, 490–500 (1960)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Orlandic, R.: Design, analysis and applications of compact 0-complete trees. PhD thesis, Department of Computer Science, University of Virginia (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Orlandic, R., Mahmoud, H.M.: Storage overhead of O-trees, B-trees and prefix B-trees: a comparative analysis. Int. J. Found. Comput. Sci. 7(3), 209–226 (1996)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Orlandic, R., Pfaltz, J.L.: Compact 0-complete trees. In: Proceedings of the Fourteenth Conference on Very Large Databases, pp. 372–381. Association for Computing Machinery and IEEE Computer Society, August 1988

    Google Scholar 

  10. Orlandic, R., Pfaltz, J.L.: Q\(_{0}\)-tree: a dynamic structure for accessing spatial objects with arbitrary shapes. Institute for Parallel Computation, University of Virginia, Technical Report IPC-TR-91-010, December 1991

    Google Scholar 

  11. Orlandic, R., Pfaltz, J.L.: Compact 0-complete trees: a new method for searching large files. Institute for Parallel Computation, University of Virginia, Technical report IPC-TR-88-001, January 1988

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to H. K. Dai .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Dai, H.K., Furusawa, K. (2023). Maintenance Algorithms for 0-Complete Trees with Improved Space Utilization. In: Dang, T.K., Küng, J., Chung, T.M. (eds) Future Data and Security Engineering. Big Data, Security and Privacy, Smart City and Industry 4.0 Applications. FDSE 2023. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 1925. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8296-7_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8296-7_4

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-99-8295-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-99-8296-7

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics