Abstract
This chapter explores the socio-environmental hazards associated with the long-term and short-term fear industries. Our research and analysis demonstrate that defense spending, in addition to the direct and indirect CO2 emissions from the long-term defense sector (as discussed in Chap. 2), can have significant and far-reaching environmental consequences. Furthermore, our analysis challenges the commonly held belief that the short-term fear industry of COVID-19 is contributing positively to the environment (as discussed in Chap. 3 regarding COVID-19’s CO2 emissions effects). Instead, we find that the negative environmental impacts of COVID-19 may outweigh any positive environmental gains. Building upon the previous chapter’s discussion of the environmental consequences of the fear industry in both the short and long run, this chapter provides a comprehensive exploration of these issues. The findings presented here have implications for achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, particularly Goal 1 (poverty eradication), Goal 2 (zero hunger), Goal 3 (climate action), and Goal 16 (quality education for all) (peace and justice). By shedding light on these socio-environmental hazards, this chapter contributes to the advancement of these vital goals.
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Khan, S.A.R., Sajid, M.J., Zhang, Y. (2023). A Study of the Diverse Socioeconomic and Environmental Risks of the Long- and Short-Term Fear Industries. In: Emerging Green Theories to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals. Industrial Ecology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6384-3_11
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