Skip to main content

Towards Helping Visually Impaired People to Navigate Outdoor

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Advances and Applications of Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning (ICAAAIML 2022)

Abstract

Vision is one of the crucial senses and is the birthright of every human being. Its impairment or loss leads to various difficulties. Blind and Visually Impaired (BVI) people find it tough to maneuver outdoors daily. Even though the market is laden with countless aids for BVI people, there is still a lot to be achieved. The idea of every new research in the market is to assist these individuals in any possible way. Individuals deprived of vision require numerous reliable methods to overcome these barriers. Also, with the advent of science and technology, there is nothing that a human being can’t do. Researchers and manufacturers are coming up with new inventions and tech gadgets now and then. In this paper, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models, vgg16 and vgg19, are used along with the self-created dataset involving two classes: roads and crosswalks, which underwent the ML procedures resulting in the accurate detection of the respective classes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Who.int (2022) Vision impairment and blindness. [online]. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/blindness-and-visual-impairment#:%7E:text=Globally%2C%20at%20least%202.2%20billion,uncorrected%20refractive%20errors%20and%20cataracts. Accessed 17 May 2022

  2. Contributor T (2018b) Convolutional neural network. SearchEnterpriseAI. https://www.techtarget.com/searchenterpriseai/definition/convolutional-neural-network#:%7E:text=CNNs%20are%20powerful%20image%20processing,natural%20language%20processing%20(NLP. Accessed 9 Sep 2022

  3. Wei J VGG neural networks: the next step after alexNet. https://towardsdatascience.com/vgg-neural-networks-the-next-step-after-alexnet-3f91fa9ffe2c

  4. GeeksforGeeks (2022b) VGG-16|CNN model. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/vgg-16-cnn-model/. Accessed 9 Sep 2022

  5. VGG-19 convolutional neural network-MATLAB vgg19-mathworks United Kingdom (n.d.). https://uk.mathworks.com/help/deeplearning/ref/vgg19.html;jsessionid=2fac10e45795a23fce5e37733563#:%7E:text=VGG%2D19%20is%20a%20convolutional,%2C%20pencil%2C%20and%20many%20animals. Accessed 9 Sep 2022

  6. Boesch G VGG very deep convolutional networks (VGGNet)-what you need to know-viso.ai. https://viso.ai/deep-learning/vgg-very-deep-convolutional-networks/#:%7E:text=The%20concept%20of%20the%20VGG19,more%20convolutional%20layers%20than%20VGG16

  7. Shin K, McConville R, Metatla O, Chang M, Han C, Lee J, Roudaut A (2022) Outdoor localization using BLE RSSI and accessible Pedestrian signals for the visually impaired at intersections. Sensors 22(1):371. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22010371

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Plikynas D, Indriulionis A, Laukaitis A, Sakalauskas L (2022) Indoor-guided navigation for people who are blind: crowdsourcing for route mapping and assistance. Appl Sci 12(1):523. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12010523

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Zhao Y, Kupferstein E, Castro BV, Feiner S, Azenkot S (2019) Designing AR visualizations to facilitate stair navigation for people with low vision. In: UIST ’19: proceedings of the 32nd annual ACM symposium on user interface software and technology. New Orleans, LA USA. https://doi.org/10.1145/3332165.3347906

  10. Min Htike H, Margrain TH, Lai YK, Eslambolchilar P (2021) Augmented reality glasses as an orientation and mobility aid for people with low vision: a feasibility study of experiences and requirements. In: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems. https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445327

  11. Croce D, Giarre L, Pascucci F, Tinnirello I, Galioto GE, Garlisi D, lo Valvo A (2019) An indoor and outdoor navigation system for visually impaired people. IEEE Access 7:170406−170418. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2955046

  12. Paiva S, Lima A, Mendes D (2018) Outdoor navigation systems to promote urban mobility to aid visually impaired people. J Inf Syst Eng & Manag 3(2). https://doi.org/10.20897/jisem.201814

  13. Velázquez R, Pissaloux E, Rodrigo P, Carrasco M, Giannoccaro N, Lay-Ekuakille A (2018) An outdoor navigation system for blind pedestrians using GPS and tactile-foot feedback. Appl Sci 8(4):578. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8040578

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Ran L, Helal S, Moore S (2004) Drishti: an integrated indoor/outdoor blind navigation system and service. In: Second IEEE annual conference on pervasive computing and communications, 2004. Proceedings of the, 2004. pp 23–30. https://doi.org/10.1109/PERCOM.2004.1276842

  15. Zhao Y, Kupferstein E, Tal D, Azenkot S (2018) “It looks beautiful but scary.” In: Proceedings of the 20th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on computers and accessibility. https://doi.org/10.1145/3234695.3236359

  16. Alghamdi S, van Schyndel R, Khalil I (2014) Accurate positioning using long range active RFID technology to assist visually impaired people. J Netw Comput Appl 41:135–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2013.10.015

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Bilal Salih HE, Takeda K, Kobayashi H, Kakizawa T, Kawamoto M, Zempo K (2022) Use of auditory cues and other strategies as sources of spatial information for people with visual impairment when navigating unfamiliar environments. Int J Environ Res Public Health 19(6):3151. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Crosswalk-dataset (2020) Elias Teodoro da Silva Junior, Fausto Sampaio, Lucas Costa da Silva, David Silva Medeiros, Gustavo Pinheiro Correia. https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/davidsilvam/crosswalkdataset

  19. (n.d.-d). https://www.google.co.in/search?q=crosswalk&sca_esv=566033897&tbm=isch&source=lnms&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiBjdXphbGBAxXRwjgGHeAGAOcQ_AUoAXoECAYQAw&biw=1536&bih=707&dpr=1.25

  20. Unsplash. (n.d.-a). 100+ Roads Pictures [HD] | Download free images on Unsplash. Unsplash. https://unsplash.com/s/photos/roads

  21. Team K Keras documentation: Callbacks API. https://keras.io/api/callbacks/#:%7E:text=A%20callback%20is%20an%20obje

  22. Dwivedi R (2021) Beginners guide to Keras callBacks, modelCheckpoint and EarlyStopping in deep learning. Analytics India Magazine. https://analyticsindiamag.com/tutorial-on-keras-callbacks-modelcheckpoint-and-earlystopping-in-deep-learning/. Accessed 25 May 2022

  23. Team K (n.d) Keras documentation: earlyStopping. Keras. https://keras.io/api/callbacks/early_stopping/. Accessed 25 May 2022

  24. Early stopping of deep learning experiments | Peltarion Platform (n.d) Peltarion. https://peltarion.com/knowledge-center/documentation/modeling-view/run-a-model/early-stopping. Accessed 25 May 2022

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rhea S Shrivastava .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

S Shrivastava, R., Singhal, A., Chandna, S. (2023). Towards Helping Visually Impaired People to Navigate Outdoor. In: Unhelkar, B., Pandey, H.M., Agrawal, A.P., Choudhary, A. (eds) Advances and Applications of Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning. ICAAAIML 2022. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 1078. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-5974-7_8

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics