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Extra Ordinary Properties of Graphene

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Graphene

Part of the book series: Engineering Materials ((ENG.MAT.))

Abstract

The first two-dimensional atomic crystal is graphene. Before the discovery of graphene and other free-standing two-dimensional atomic crystals, it was widely believed that two-dimensional materials did not exist. Graphene is relatively new but among the most extensively studied materials because of its several promising properties. The distinguishing feature of graphene is the peculiar makeup of its charge carriers. By starting with the Dirac equation rather than the Schrödinger equation, one can more easily and naturally characterise its charge carriers, which resemble relativistic particles. Due to its outstanding qualities, graphene is a strong contender for use in upcoming electrical components such as spin-valve and ultra-sensitive gas sensors, single-electron transistors, and ballistic transistors. This chapter presents the properties of graphene, including mechanical, chemical, thermal, electrical, magnetic, and biological.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan

    Maryam Hina, Javed Ahmed, D. Ameer, M. Jahanzaib & S. Mubarik

  2. Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan

    Kashif Kamran

  3. Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), UM Power Energy Dedicated Advanced Centre (UMPEDAC), Level 4, Wisma R&D, Universiti Malaya, Jalan Pantai Baharu, 59990, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Shahid Bashir

  4. Centre for Ionics Universiti Malaya, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Shahid Bashir

Authors
  1. Maryam Hina
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  2. Kashif Kamran
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  3. Shahid Bashir
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  4. Javed Ahmed
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  5. D. Ameer
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  6. M. Jahanzaib
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  7. S. Mubarik
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Maryam Hina .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Centre for Ionics University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Ramesh T. Subramaniam

  2. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Centre for Ionics University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Ramesh Kasi

  3. Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), UM Power Energy Dedicated Advanced Centre (UMPEDAC), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Shahid Bashir

  4. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Centre for Ionics University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Sachin Sharma Ashok Kumar

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© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

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Hina, M. et al. (2023). Extra Ordinary Properties of Graphene. In: Subramaniam, R.T., Kasi, R., Bashir, S., Kumar, S.S.A. (eds) Graphene. Engineering Materials. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1206-3_3

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