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Characteristics of Natural Stabilizers and Their Effect on Heavy Metal Mobility in Soil-Water Medium

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Proceedings of The 9th International Conference on Water Resource and Environment (WRE 2023)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering ((LNCE,volume 468))

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Abstract

Heavy metals (HM) are highly toxic and can lead to human and environmental health issues, which pose a global threat. Most heavy metal contamination happens through contamination in soil-water media. Many heavy metal remediation methods have been proposed and researched to treat heavy metal contaminated soil-water medium, and organic or biomass-based natural stabilizers are preferred to be applied as immobilizers as they are relatively cheaper than other stabilizers and can be nutritious to crops. However, studies on immobilization efficiency and mechanism of biomass-based materials need more supporting evidence. In this research, plant extract (TM) and alkaline lignin (LGN) were used as biomass-based immobilizers on multiple elements contaminated soil-water medium, which consisted of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn). It was found that contaminated soil samples treated with LGN have the higher reduction in mobility compared to TM. The mobility of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn was reduced by 10.30%, 6.97%, 2.81%, and 8.31%, respectively, through treatment by LGN, while 8.05%, 4.93%, 1.28%, and 4.03%, respectively, for treatment through TM. In this research, the calculated mobility factor of each heavy metal had certainly decreased, which indicates the decrease of HM mobility by applying TM and LGN as stabilizers. Functional groups such as hydroxyl groups, amide groups and oxalic acid were found through the FTIR and HPLC analysis for both stabilizers, which affect heavy metal mobility through chemical reactions. The results obtained from this research can benefit further research and understanding of biomass-based materials as soil stabilizers.

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Acknowledgements

The research has been carried out under the funding from Fundamental Research Grant Scheme project FRGS/1/2019/TK10/UTAR/02/4 provided by the Ministry of Higher Education of Malaysia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900, Kampar, Perak, Malaysia

    Brenda E. Tjeen Tneh, Li Na Lee, Matsura Ibrahim, Lai Peng Wong, Choon Aun Ng, Mohammed J. K. Bashir & Xinxin Guo

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  1. Brenda E. Tjeen Tneh
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  2. Li Na Lee
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  3. Matsura Ibrahim
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  4. Lai Peng Wong
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  5. Choon Aun Ng
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  6. Mohammed J. K. Bashir
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  7. Xinxin Guo
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Correspondence to Xinxin Guo .

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  1. Department of Civil Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

    Chih-Huang Weng

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Tneh, B.E.T. et al. (2024). Characteristics of Natural Stabilizers and Their Effect on Heavy Metal Mobility in Soil-Water Medium. In: Weng, CH. (eds) Proceedings of The 9th International Conference on Water Resource and Environment. WRE 2023. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 468. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-0948-9_23

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-0948-9_23

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-97-0947-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-97-0948-9

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