Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Key-Based Transaction Reordering: An Optimized Approach for Concurrency Control in Hyperledger Fabric

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing (ICA3PP 2023)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 14493))

  • 113 Accesses

Abstract

As blockchain technology garners increased adoption, permissioned blockchains like Hyperledger Fabric emerge as a popular blockchain system for developing scalable decentralized applications. Nonetheless, parallel execution in Fabric leads to concurrent conflicting transactions attempting to read and write the same key in the ledger simultaneously. Such conflicts necessitate the abortion of transactions, thereby impacting performance. The mainstream solution involves constructing a conflict graph to reorder the transactions, thereby reducing the abort rate. However, it experiences considerable overhead during scenarios with a large volume of transactions or high data contention due to capture dependencies between each transaction. Therefore, one critical problem is how to efficiently order conflicting transactions during the ordering phase. In this paper, we introduce an optimized reordering algorithm designed for efficient concurrency control. Initially, we leverage key dependency instead of transaction dependency to build a conflict graph that considers read/write units as vertices and intra-transaction dependency as edges. Subsequently, a key sorting algorithm generates a serializable transaction order for validation. Our empirical results indicate that the proposed key-based reordering method diminishes transaction latency by 36.3% and considerably reduces system memory costs while maintaining a low abort rate compared to benchmark methods.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Ethereum (2023). https://www.ethereum.org/zh/. Accessed 25 May 2023

  2. Androulaki, E., et al.: Hyperledger fabric: a distributed operating system for permissioned blockchains. In: Proceedings of the Thirteenth EuroSys Conference, pp. 1–15 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Chacko, J.A., Mayer, R., Jacobsen, H.A.: Why do my blockchain transactions fail? A study of hyperledger fabric. In: Proceedings of the 2021 International Conference on Management of Data, pp. 221–234 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Dickerson, T., Gazzillo, P., Herlihy, M., Koskinen, E.: Adding concurrency to smart contracts. In: Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing, pp. 303–312 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Ding, B., Kot, L., Gehrke, J.: Improving optimistic concurrency control through transaction batching and operation reordering. Proc. VLDB Endow. 12(2), 169–182 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Gorenflo, C., Golab, L., Keshav, S.: XOX fabric: a hybrid approach to blockchain transaction execution. In: 2020 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC), pp. 1–9. IEEE (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Gorenflo, C., Lee, S., Golab, L., Keshav, S.: Fastfabric: scaling hyperledger fabric to 20 000 transactions per second. Int. J. Network Manage 30(5), e2099 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. István, Z., Sorniotti, A., Vukolić, M.: StreamChain: do blockchains need blocks? In: Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Scalable and Resilient Infrastructures for Distributed Ledgers, pp. 1–6 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Kwon, M., Yu, H.: Performance improvement of ordering and endorsement phase in hyperledger fabric. In: 2019 Sixth International Conference on Internet of Things: Systems, Management and Security (IOTSMS), pp. 428–432. IEEE (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Lamport, L.: Time, clocks, and the ordering of events in a distributed system. In: Concurrency: the Works of Leslie Lamport, pp. 179–196 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Li, Y., et al.: FastBlock: accelerating blockchains via hardware transactional memory. In: 2021 IEEE 41st International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS), pp. 250–260. IEEE (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Nakamoto, S.: Bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system. Decentralized business review, p. 21260 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Nasirifard, P., Mayer, R., Jacobsen, H.A.: FabricCRDT: a conflict-free replicated datatypes approach to permissioned blockchains. In: Proceedings of the 20th International Middleware Conference, pp. 110–122 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Reijsbergen, D., Dinh, T.T.A.: On exploiting transaction concurrency to speed up blockchains. In: 2020 IEEE 40th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS), pp. 1044–1054. IEEE (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Ruan, P., Loghin, D., Ta, Q.T., Zhang, M., Chen, G., Ooi, B.C.: A transactional perspective on execute-order-validate blockchains. In: Proceedings of the 2020 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data, pp. 543–557 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Sharma, A., Schuhknecht, F.M., Agrawal, D., Dittrich, J.: Blurring the lines between blockchains and database systems: the case of hyperledger fabric. In: Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Management of Data, pp. 105–122 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Sun, Q., Yuan, Y.: GBCL: reduce concurrency conflicts in hyperledger fabric. In: 2022 IEEE 13th International Conference on Software Engineering and Service Science (ICSESS), pp. 15–19. IEEE (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Tarjan, R.: Depth-first search and linear graph algorithms. SIAM J. Comput. 1(2), 146–160 (1972)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  19. Trabelsi, H., Zhang, K.: Early detection for multiversion concurrency control conflicts in hyperledger fabric. arXiv e-prints arXiv:2301.06181 (2023). https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2301.06181

  20. Xiao, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, Z., Li, B., Dai, X., Jin, H.: NEZHA: exploiting concurrency for transaction processing in DAG-based blockchains. In: 2022 IEEE 42nd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS), pp. 269–279. IEEE (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Xu, L., Chen, W., Li, Z., Xu, J., Liu, A., Zhao, L.: Solutions for concurrency conflict problem on hyperledger fabric. World Wide Web 24, 463–482 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgement

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by National Key R &D Program of China (No. 2022ZD0115302), in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 62202479, No. 61772030), the Major Program of Xiangjiang Laboratory (No. 22XJ01004) and the Major Project of Technology Innovation of Hunan Province (No. 2021SK1060-1).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Key Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Computing, College of Computer Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China

    Haoliang Ma, Peichang Shi & Xiang Fu

  2. Key Laboratory of Software Engineering for Complex Systems, College of Computer Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China

    Haoliang Ma, Peichang Shi & Xiang Fu

  3. Xiangjiang Lab, Changsha, 410073, China

    Guodong Yi

Authors
  1. Haoliang Ma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Peichang Shi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Xiang Fu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Guodong Yi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Haoliang Ma .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Zahir Tari

  2. Tianjin University, Tianjin, China

    Keqiu Li

  3. University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA

    Hongyi Wu

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Ma, H., Shi, P., Fu, X., Yi, G. (2024). Key-Based Transaction Reordering: An Optimized Approach for Concurrency Control in Hyperledger Fabric. In: Tari, Z., Li, K., Wu, H. (eds) Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing. ICA3PP 2023. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 14493. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-0862-8_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-0862-8_17

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-97-0861-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-97-0862-8

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation