Skip to main content

Potential Application of Treated Bauxite Residue

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Proceedings of the Indian Geotechnical Conference 2019

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering ((LNCE,volume 134))

  • 367 Accesses

Abstract

Bauxite residue is a significant industrial solid waste residue produced by the Bayer process for the extraction of alumina from bauxite ores. It is usually disposed off in the form of slurry in the nearby areas of the alumina industry. About 400 million tons of bauxite residues are produced annually worldwide. However, it has some environmental and logistical problems in handling and disposal due to high alkalinity (pH 10–13.5), sodicity, fine particles, and some trace metal content. Thus, it cannot be used directly and requires pre-treatment before any civil engineering applications. In view of the given above, an attempt has been made to explore the potential of the bauxite residue for some civil engineering applications. The present study investigates the effect of various parameters on the strength and durability of bauxite residue. Further, a series of laboratory tests considering various parameters were carried out. The results indicate that treated bauxite residue with a certain combination of parameters (dry density, moisture content, and curing time) can be used as an unfired brick for low-cost housing.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 299.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 379.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 379.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Sutar, H., Mishra, S.C., Sahoo, S.K., Chakravarty, A.P., Maharana, H.S.: Progress of red mud utilization: an overview. Am. Chem. Sci. J. 4(3), 255–279 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Zhu, X., Li, W., Guan, X.: An active de-alkalization of red mud with roasting and water leaching. J. Hazard. Mater. 286, 8591 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Mandal, A., Sinha, O.: New-generation aluminum composite with bottom ash industrial waste. JOM, 16 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Sutar, H., Mishra, S.C., Sahoo, S.K., Maharana, H.: Progress of red mud utilization: an overview. Master’s thesis, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Feng, Y.L., Yu, L.J., Gao, J.P., Wang, P., Luo, Q.W., Huang, B., Wang, M.: Study on the preparation and properties of red mud unburned brick. Mater. Res. Innov. 19(sup8), S8297 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Hongying, C.: Formula of environment-friendly red mud-brick or ceramsite, environment-friendly red mud-brick or ceramsite and preparation method thereof. Google Patents (2017), cN107056241 A

    Google Scholar 

  7. Jupei, X., Lixuan, G., Zhaoshu, Z.: Unburned brick prepared from main materials of red mud and magnesium slag. Google patents (2012), cN102381864 A

    Google Scholar 

  8. Shichao, C., Mianlian, B., Dongyang, M., Hui, S., Zhicheng, C., Xun, X., Daohong, W.: Method for manufacturing perforated brick by using red mud. Google patents (2017), cN106747317 A

    Google Scholar 

  9. Güllü, H., Fedakar, H.: Use of factorial experimental approach and effect size on the CBR testing results for the usable dosages of wastewater sludge ash with coarse-grained material. Eur. J. Environ. Civil Eng. 22(1), 4263 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Olgun, M.: The effects and optimization of additives for expansive clays under freeze-thaw conditions. Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. 93, 36–46 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Sen, R., Swaminathan, T.: Application of response surface methodology to evaluate the optimum environmental conditions for the enhanced production of surfactin. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 47(4), 358–363 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Witek, A., Chojnacka, K., Podstawczyk, D., Dawiec, A., Pokomeda, K.: Application of response surface methodology and artificial neural network methods in modeling and optimization of biosorption process. Biores. Technol. 160, 150–160 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Kumar, S., Prasad, A.: Strength retrieval of artiËcially cemented bauxite residue using machine learning: an alternative design approach based on response surface methodology. Neural Comput. Appl. (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-018-3482-5

    Google Scholar 

  14. IS-12894: Pulverized fuel ash-lime bricks. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India (2002)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sujeet Kumar .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Kumar, S., Verma, A.K., Prasad, A. (2021). Potential Application of Treated Bauxite Residue. In: Patel, S., Solanki, C.H., Reddy, K.R., Shukla, S.K. (eds) Proceedings of the Indian Geotechnical Conference 2019 . Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 134. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6370-0_13

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6370-0_13

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-33-6369-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-33-6370-0

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics